防治瓦罗阿的主要化学品是杀螨剂,用于控制蜜蜂细菌性疾病的抗生素主要是四环素,链霉菌,磺胺类和氯霉素。没有对蜂蜜中的任何抗生素设定最大残留限量(MRL)。因此,在欧盟,欧盟参考实验室(EU-RL)于2007年发布了用于控制蜂蜜中某些非授权化学物质的方法的分析性能的最低推荐浓度(RC)。关于控制蜂蜜中抗生素残留的策略,仍然非常需要廉价且单一的多残基方法。生物芯片阵列技术是一种创新的测定技术,用于以快速且易于使用的格式对生物样品进行多分析物筛选。多阵列系统,叫做证据调查员™(Randox,Crumlin,Co.,安特里姆,英国),在我们的实验室进行了评估。这是一个半自动化的生物芯片系统,用于研究,临床应用和兽医使用。竞争性化学发光免疫测定法用于检测抗微生物剂。根据欧洲用于验证兽药残留筛选方法的指南,对致力于筛选六个不同家族的抗生素残留的微阵列II试剂盒(AMII)进行了验证。特异性被证明是非常令人满意的,并证明了对不同种类蜂蜜的适用性。确定了六种抗生素残留物的检测能力(CCβ),并且在存在时低于RC。AMII试剂盒可以检测至少六种喹诺酮类药物,四种四环素和三种差向异构药,三种氨基糖苷,三种大环内酯,甲砜霉素,氟苯尼考和头孢噻呋及其中一种稳定的代谢产物,去呋喃酰头孢替呋喃半胱氨酸二硫化物(DCCD)。
The main chemicals used against varoa are acaricides, and the antibiotics used for the control of bee bacterial diseases are mainly tetracyclines, streptomycins, sulfonamides and chloramphenicol. No maximum residue limits (MRLs) have been set for any antibiotics in honey. Therefore, in the European Union, minimum recommended concentrations (RC) for the analytical performance of methods to control a certain set of these non-authorised chemicals in honey were published by the European Union Reference Laboratory (EU-RL) in 2007. Concerning the strategy for the control for antibiotic residues in honey, there is still a great need for a cheap and single multi-residue method. Biochip array technology is an innovative assay technology for the multi-analyte screening of biological samples in a rapid and easy-to-use format. A multi-array system, called Evidence Investigator™ (Randox, Crumlin, Co., Antrim, UK), was evaluated in our laboratory. It is a semi-automated biochip system designed for research, clinical applications and veterinary use. A competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay is employed for the detection of antimicrobials. The MicroArray II kit (AM II) dedicated to the screening of six different families of antibiotic residues was validated according to the European
guideline for the validation of screening methods for residues of veterinary medicines. The specificity was proven to be very satisfactory, and applicability to different kinds of honey was demonstrated. The detection capabilities (CCβ) of six antibiotic residues were determined and were below the RCs when exist. The AM II kit could detect at least six quinolones, four tetracyclines and three epimers, three aminoglycosides, three macrolides, thiamphenicol, florfenicol and ceftiofur along with one of its stabilised metabolites, the desfuroylceftiofurcysteine disulfide (DCCD).