目的:评估儿童和青少年的身体成分对于监测他们的健康状况很重要。人体测量是可行的,并且比其他用于身体成分评估的技术便宜。本研究旨在系统地绘制人体测量方程以预测脂肪组织,身体脂肪,或儿童和青少年的密度,并使用皮肤褶皱分析人体测量方程发展的方法论方面。
方法:按照PRISMA-ScR标准进行范围审查。在八个数据库中进行了搜索。本范围审查的方法学结构方案在开放科学框架(https://osf.io/35uhc/)中进行了回顾性注册。
结果:我们包括78份报告和593个人体测量方程。样本由健康个体组成,患有不同疾病或残疾的人,和来自不同运动的运动员。双能X射线吸收法(DXA)是开发方程式中最常用的参考方法。肱三头肌和肩胛骨下皮肤褶皱是人体测量中最常用的预测因子。年龄,性成熟阶段,和峰值高度速度被用作方程中的互补变量。
结论:我们的范围综述确定了针对儿童和青少年提出的具有多样性特征的方程。在许多报告中,重要的方法论方面没有得到解决,一个可能与方程偏差相关的因素。
方法:从案例研究等多个时间序列分析中获得的证据。(注意:非受控试验中的戏剧性结果也可能被视为此类证据)。
OBJECTIVE: Assessing the body composition of children and adolescents is important to monitor their health status. Anthropometric measurements are feasible and less-expensive than other techniques for body composition assessment. This study aimed to systematically map anthropometric equations to predict adipose tissue, body fat, or density in children and adolescents, and to analyze methodological aspects of the development of anthropometric equations using skinfolds.
METHODS: A scoping
review was carried out following the PRISMA-ScR criteria. The search was carried out in eight databases. The methodological structure protocol of this scoping
review was retrospectively registered in the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/35uhc/ ).
RESULTS: We included 78 reports and 593 anthropometric equations. The samples consisted of healthy individuals, people with different diseases or disabilities, and athletes from different sports. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was the reference method most commonly used in developing equations. Triceps and subscapular skinfolds were the anthropometric measurements most frequently used as predictors in the equations. Age, stage of sexual maturation, and peak height velocity were used as complementary variables in the equations.
CONCLUSIONS: Our scoping
review identified equations proposed for children and adolescents with a great diversity of characteristics. In many of the reports, important methodological aspects were not addressed, a factor that may be associated with equation bias.
METHODS: Evidence obtained from multiple time series analysis such as case studies. (NB: dramatic results in uncontrolled trials might also be regarded as this type of evidence).