背景:改变饮食模式可能是细菌性阴道病的替代疗法,女性中普遍存在的阴道感染。
方法:根据Amsel标准诊断的104名受细菌性阴道病影响的妇女和151名18至45岁的健康对照进入当前的病例对照研究。计算替代健康饮食指数和膳食酸负荷评分,用准确和精确的食物频率问卷记录食物消耗。通过潜在的肾酸负荷(PRAL)和净内源性酸产生(NEAP)指数来测量日粮酸负荷。使用逻辑回归模型,研究了替代健康饮食指数和饮食中酸负荷评分与细菌性阴道病的相关性.
结果:在调整后的模型中,替代健康饮食指数的最后一个三分位数出现细菌性阴道病的几率降低了75%(调整后的比值比(aOR)=0.25,95%置信区间(CI)=0.12-0.53,趋势P=0.001)。此外,蔬菜(AOR=0.34,95%CI=0.17-0.69,趋势P=0.003),坚果和豆类(AOR=0.44,95%CI=0.23-0.87,趋势P=0.028),肉类(aOR=0.31,95%CI=0.16-0.60,趋势P=0.001)摄入与细菌性阴道病几率降低有关.然而,含糖饮料和果汁(aOR=3.47,95%CI=1.68-7.17,P<0.001),反式脂肪酸(aOR=2.29,95%CI=1.18-4.43,趋势P=0.005),钠摄入量(aOR=3.44,95%CI=1.67-7.06,趋势P=0.002)与细菌性阴道病的几率直接相关。没有证据表明饮食中酸负荷与细菌性阴道病之间存在联系。
结论:根据本研究的结果,饮食中酸负荷与发生细菌性阴道病的可能性之间没有相关性。然而,遵循基于健康饮食指数的植物性膳食模式可能导致细菌性阴道病的几率较低.
BACKGROUND: Changing the dietary pattern may be an alternative treatment for bacterial vaginosis, the prevalent vaginal infection in women.
METHODS: One hundred and forty-three bacterial vaginosis-affected women diagnosed by Amsel criteria and 151 healthy controls aged 18 to 45 entered the current
case-control research. To calculate the alternative healthy eating index and dietary acid load score, food consumption was recorded with an accurate and precise food frequency questionnaire. The dietary acid load was measured by potential renal acid load (PRAL) and net endogenous acid production (NEAP) indices. Using logistic regression models, the association between the alternative healthy eating index and dietary acid load score with bacterial vaginosis was investigated.
RESULTS: The last tertile of the alternative healthy eating index had a 75% decreased odds of experiencing bacterial vaginosis in the adjusted model (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.12-0.53, P for trend = 0.001). Besides, vegetables (aOR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.17-0.69, P for trend = 0.003), nuts and legumes (aOR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.23-0.87, P for trend = 0.028), and meats (aOR = 0.31, 95% CI = 0.16-0.60, P for trend = 0.001) intake was linked to a decreased bacterial vaginosis odds. However, sugar-sweetened beverages and fruit juice (aOR = 3.47, 95% CI = 1.68-7.17, P for trend < 0.001), trans fatty
acids (aOR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.18-4.43, P for trend = 0.005), and sodium (aOR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.67-7.06, P for trend = 0.002) intake were directly associated with bacterial vaginosis odds. There was no evidence of a link between dietary acid load and bacterial vaginosis.
CONCLUSIONS: According to the present study\'s findings, there is no correlation between dietary acid load and the likelihood of developing bacterial vaginosis. However, following a plant-based dietary pattern based on the healthy eating index may lead to a lower odds of bacterial vaginosis.