由于其优异的生物相容性和耐腐蚀性能,钛(Ti)(及其合金)是骨科必不可少的人工替代生物材料。然而,瑕疵,如弱的成骨诱导能力和较高的杨氏模量,在临床应用中已观察到。因此,术后短期和长期随访发现发生了一些并发症。几十年来,科学家们已经努力弥补这些不足。已经研究了不同的改性方法,包括改变合金含量,表面结构转变,三维(3D)结构转换,涂层,和表面功能化技术。细胞-表面相互作用效应和对自然三维骨结构的模仿是这些改进方法的两个主要机制。近年来,材料科学研究方法取得重大进展,包括深入研究不同成分的钛合金,精密表面图案控制技术,可控三维结构施工技术,涂层技术的改进,和表面功能化的新概念。这些改进促进了在骨组织工程领域进一步研究的可能性。尽管潜在的机制仍未完全理解,这些研究对临床实践仍有一定意义。因此,作为进一步研究的方向,根据所使用的基础方法总结这些研究是有益的。这篇文献综述旨在对这些技术进行分类,从而为初学者提供对该领域的初步了解。
Owing to their excellent biocompatibility and corrosion-resistant properties, titanium (Ti) (and its alloy) are essential artificial substitute biomaterials for orthopedics. However, flaws, such as weak osteogenic induction ability and higher Young\'s modulus, have been observed during clinical application. As a result, short- and long-term postoperative follow-up has found that several complications have occurred. For decades, scientists have exerted efforts to compensate for these deficiencies. Different modification methods have been investigated, including changing alloy contents, surface structure transformation, three-dimensional (3D) structure transformation, coating, and surface functionalization technologies. The cell-surface interaction effect and imitation of the natural 3D bone structure are the two main mechanisms of these improved methods. In recent years, significant progress has been made in materials science research methods, including thorough research of titanium alloys of different compositions, precise surface pattern control technology, controllable 3D structure construction technology, improvement of coating technologies, and novel concepts of surface functionalization. These improvements facilitate the possibility for further research in the field of bone tissue engineering. Although the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood, these studies still have some implications for clinical practice. Therefore, for the direction of further research, it is beneficial to summarize these studies according to the basal method used. This literature
review aimed to classify these technologies, thereby providing beginners with a preliminary understanding of the field.