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Abstract：
To explore the clinical characteristics of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 nationwide, especially the effect factors of asymptomatic infection and disappearance of clinical symptoms. A total of 66,448 COVID-19 patients in China who have been diagnosed by nucleic acid test or rapid antigen test were surveyed online (December 24, 2022 to January 16, 2023). Our cross-sectional study used descriptive analyses and binary Logistics regression model to assess the correlation between the clinical characteristics and relative factors, including age, gender, pre-existing conditions, reinfection, vaccination and treatment. A total of 64,515 valid questionnaires were collected. Among included participants, 5969 of which were asymptomatic. The symptoms were mainly upper respiratory symptoms, including dry and itchy throat (64.16%), sore throat (59.95%), hoarseness (57.90%), nasal congestion (53.39%). In binary Logistics regression model, we found that male, no pre-existing conditions, reinfection and vaccination have positive correlations with the appearance of asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. In Cox proportional-hazards regression model, considering all clinical symptoms disappeared in 14 days as outcome, we found that ≤ 60 years old, male, no pre-existing conditions, vaccination and adopted treatment have positive correlations with rapid amelioration of clinical symptoms in COVID-19 patients. The clinical symptoms of the participants were mainly upper respiratory symptoms which were according with the infection of Omicron variant. Factors including age, gender, pre-existing conditions and reinfection could influence the clinical characteristics and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Importantly, vaccination has positive significance for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Lastly, the use of Chinese medicine maybe beneficial to COVID-19 patients, however, reasonable guidance is necessary.
摘要：
探讨全国SARS-CoV-2感染患者的临床特点,尤其是无症状感染和临床症状消失的影响因素。在线调查了中国66,448例经核酸检测或快速抗原检测诊断的COVID-19患者（2022年12月24日至2023年1月16日）。我们的横断面研究使用描述性分析和二元Logistics回归模型来评估临床特征与相关因素之间的相关性。包括年龄,性别,预先存在的条件，再感染,疫苗接种和治疗。共收集有效问卷64,515份。在包括的参与者中，其中5969例无症状。症状以上呼吸道症状为主,包括喉咙干燥和发痒（64.16%），喉咙痛（59.95%），声音嘶哑（57.90%），鼻塞(53.39%)。在二元物流回归模型中，我们发现那个男性,没有预先存在的条件，再感染和疫苗接种与无症状COVID-19患者的出现呈正相关。在Cox比例风险回归模型中，考虑到所有临床症状在14天内消失作为结果，我们发现≤60岁，男性,没有预先存在的条件，疫苗接种和治疗与COVID-19患者临床症状的快速改善呈正相关。参与者的临床症状主要是上呼吸道症状，这与Omicron变体的感染有关。因素包括年龄,性别,既往疾病和再感染可能影响COVID-19患者的临床特征和预后。重要的是,疫苗接种对COVID-19的预防和治疗具有积极意义。最后,使用中药可能对COVID-19患者有益，然而,合理的指导是必要的。
