Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To determine how age affects insulin resistance during the menstrual cycle and insulin resistance-associated indices: the Triglyceride-glucose and Triglyceride-glucose-BMI indexes.
METHODS: This prospective observational study used fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, triglycerides, body mass index (BMI), and days since the start of the menstrual period collected from the NHANES dataset (1999-2006). Insulin resistance was determined using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). The participants were categorized as young (16-34 years) or older (>35 years). Rhythmicity during the menstrual cycle was analyzed using the Cosinor and Cosinor2 packages for R.
METHODS: Cosine fit curves for insulin resistance during the menstrual cycle and age-associated effects on rhythmicity.
RESULTS: Using 1256 participants, rhythmicity was observed for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05) but not for fasting plasma glucose, the Triglyceride-glucose index, or the Triglyceride-glucose-BMI index. Significant amplitudes for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were observed when age was considered. Acrophases for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significant only for the younger group, and the differences between these groups were significant, suggesting that the changes in scores for insulin resistance for the younger and older groups occur at different times of their menstrual cycle.
CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance does fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, and it is at a maximum at different times for younger and older women. Since these results are unadjusted, this study is preliminary and further investigation is required.
METHODS: This prospective observational study used fasting plasma glucose, fasting insulin, triglycerides, body mass index (BMI), and days since the start of the menstrual period collected from the NHANES dataset (1999-2006). Insulin resistance was determined using the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). The participants were categorized as young (16-34 years) or older (>35 years). Rhythmicity during the menstrual cycle was analyzed using the Cosinor and Cosinor2 packages for R.
METHODS: Cosine fit curves for insulin resistance during the menstrual cycle and age-associated effects on rhythmicity.
RESULTS: Using 1256 participants, rhythmicity was observed for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR (p < 0.05) but not for fasting plasma glucose, the Triglyceride-glucose index, or the Triglyceride-glucose-BMI index. Significant amplitudes for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were observed when age was considered. Acrophases for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were significant only for the younger group, and the differences between these groups were significant, suggesting that the changes in scores for insulin resistance for the younger and older groups occur at different times of their menstrual cycle.
CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance does fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, and it is at a maximum at different times for younger and older women. Since these results are unadjusted, this study is preliminary and further investigation is required.
摘要：
目的：确定年龄如何影响月经周期中的胰岛素抵抗和胰岛素抵抗相关指标：甘油三酯-葡萄糖和甘油三酯-葡萄糖-BMI指数。
方法：这项前瞻性观察研究使用空腹血糖，空腹胰岛素，甘油三酯，体重指数（BMI），以及从NHANES数据集（1999-2006）收集的月经期开始后的天数。使用胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估(HOMA-IR)确定胰岛素抵抗。参与者被归类为年轻（16-34岁）或以上（>35岁）。使用Cosinor和Cosinor2软件包分析月经周期中的节律性。
方法：月经周期中胰岛素抵抗的余弦拟合曲线和与年龄相关的节律性影响。
结果：使用1256名参与者，观察到空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR的节律性（p<0.05），但空腹血糖没有，甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数，或甘油三酯-葡萄糖-BMI指数。当考虑年龄时，观察到空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR的显着幅度。空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR的顶体期仅对年轻人群有意义，这些群体之间的差异是显著的，这表明，年轻和老年组的胰岛素抵抗评分变化发生在月经周期的不同时间。
结论：胰岛素抵抗在月经周期中确实会波动，对于年轻和年长的女性来说，它在不同的时间是最大的。由于这些结果未经调整，这项研究是初步的，需要进一步的调查。
方法：这项前瞻性观察研究使用空腹血糖，空腹胰岛素，甘油三酯，体重指数（BMI），以及从NHANES数据集（1999-2006）收集的月经期开始后的天数。使用胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估(HOMA-IR)确定胰岛素抵抗。参与者被归类为年轻（16-34岁）或以上（>35岁）。使用Cosinor和Cosinor2软件包分析月经周期中的节律性。
方法：月经周期中胰岛素抵抗的余弦拟合曲线和与年龄相关的节律性影响。
结果：使用1256名参与者，观察到空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR的节律性（p<0.05），但空腹血糖没有，甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数，或甘油三酯-葡萄糖-BMI指数。当考虑年龄时，观察到空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR的显着幅度。空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR的顶体期仅对年轻人群有意义，这些群体之间的差异是显著的，这表明，年轻和老年组的胰岛素抵抗评分变化发生在月经周期的不同时间。
结论：胰岛素抵抗在月经周期中确实会波动，对于年轻和年长的女性来说，它在不同的时间是最大的。由于这些结果未经调整，这项研究是初步的，需要进一步的调查。
