PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic tissue that uncouples oxidative phosphorylation from ATP synthesis and increases energy expenditure via non-shivering thermogenesis in mammals. Cold exposure and exercise have been shown to increase BAT and browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) in mice. This study aimed to determine whether there is an additive effect of exercise during cold exposure on markers related to browning of adipose tissue. in Wistar rats.
METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control (C, 25˚C), Swimming in Neutral (SN, 30˚C) water, and Swimming in Cold (SC, 15˚C) water. Swimming included intervals of 2-3 min, 1 min rest, until exhausted, three days a week for six weeks, with a training load of 3-6% body weight. After the experimental protocol, interscapular BAT and inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) were excised, weighed, and processed for beiging marker gene expression.
RESULTS: SN and SC resulted in lower body weight gain, associated with reduced WAT and BAT volume and increased BAT number with greater effects observed in SC. Myostatin protein expression was lower in BAT, WAT, soleus muscle, and serum NC and SC compared to the C group. Expression of the interferon regulatory factor-4 (IRF4) gene in both BAT and WAT tissues was significantly greater in the SC than in the C. Expression of the PGC-1α in BAT was significantly increased in the SC compared to C and increased in WAT in NC and SC. Expression of the UCP1 in BAT and WAT increased in the SC group compared to other groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that six weeks of swimming training in cold water promotes additive effects of the expression of genes and proteins involved in the browning process of adipose tissue in Wistar rats. Myostatin inhibition may possess a regulator effect on the PGC-1α - UCP1 pathway that mediates adipose tissue browning.
METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: Control (C, 25˚C), Swimming in Neutral (SN, 30˚C) water, and Swimming in Cold (SC, 15˚C) water. Swimming included intervals of 2-3 min, 1 min rest, until exhausted, three days a week for six weeks, with a training load of 3-6% body weight. After the experimental protocol, interscapular BAT and inguinal subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) were excised, weighed, and processed for beiging marker gene expression.
RESULTS: SN and SC resulted in lower body weight gain, associated with reduced WAT and BAT volume and increased BAT number with greater effects observed in SC. Myostatin protein expression was lower in BAT, WAT, soleus muscle, and serum NC and SC compared to the C group. Expression of the interferon regulatory factor-4 (IRF4) gene in both BAT and WAT tissues was significantly greater in the SC than in the C. Expression of the PGC-1α in BAT was significantly increased in the SC compared to C and increased in WAT in NC and SC. Expression of the UCP1 in BAT and WAT increased in the SC group compared to other groups.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrate that six weeks of swimming training in cold water promotes additive effects of the expression of genes and proteins involved in the browning process of adipose tissue in Wistar rats. Myostatin inhibition may possess a regulator effect on the PGC-1α - UCP1 pathway that mediates adipose tissue browning.
摘要：
背景：棕色脂肪组织（BAT）是一种产热组织，可将氧化磷酸化与ATP合成解耦，并通过哺乳动物的非发抖产热增加能量消耗。冷暴露和运动已被证明会增加小鼠的BAT和白色脂肪组织（WAT）的褐变。这项研究旨在确定在寒冷暴露期间运动对与脂肪组织褐变相关的标志物是否存在累加效应。在Wistar大鼠中。
方法：将24只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为三组：对照组（C，25℃)，在中立状态下游泳(SN,30℃)水，和在寒冷中游泳(SC，15℃）水。游泳包括2-3分钟的间隔，休息1分钟,直到筋疲力尽，一周三天，持续六周，3-6%体重的训练负荷。在实验方案之后，切除肩胛骨间BAT和腹股沟皮下白色脂肪组织（WAT），称重,并处理用于米色标记基因表达。
结果：SN和SC导致下体体重增加，与WAT和BAT量减少以及BAT数量增加相关，在SC中观察到更大的影响。BAT中肌肉生长抑制素蛋白表达较低,WAT,比目鱼肌,与C组比拟，血清NC和SC。BAT和WAT组织中干扰素调节因子-4(IRF4)基因的表达在SC中显著高于C。与C相比,BAT中PGC-1α的表达在SC中显著增加,在NC和SC中WAT的表达增加。与其他组相比，SC组中BAT和WAT中UCP1的表达增加。
结论：研究结果表明，在冷水中进行为期六周的游泳训练可促进Wistar大鼠脂肪组织褐变过程中基因和蛋白质表达的累加效应。肌肉生长抑制素可能对介导脂肪组织褐变的PGC-1α-UCP1途径具有调节作用。
方法：将24只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为三组：对照组（C，25℃)，在中立状态下游泳(SN,30℃)水，和在寒冷中游泳(SC，15℃）水。游泳包括2-3分钟的间隔，休息1分钟,直到筋疲力尽，一周三天，持续六周，3-6%体重的训练负荷。在实验方案之后，切除肩胛骨间BAT和腹股沟皮下白色脂肪组织（WAT），称重,并处理用于米色标记基因表达。
结果：SN和SC导致下体体重增加，与WAT和BAT量减少以及BAT数量增加相关，在SC中观察到更大的影响。BAT中肌肉生长抑制素蛋白表达较低,WAT,比目鱼肌,与C组比拟，血清NC和SC。BAT和WAT组织中干扰素调节因子-4(IRF4)基因的表达在SC中显著高于C。与C相比,BAT中PGC-1α的表达在SC中显著增加,在NC和SC中WAT的表达增加。与其他组相比，SC组中BAT和WAT中UCP1的表达增加。
结论：研究结果表明，在冷水中进行为期六周的游泳训练可促进Wistar大鼠脂肪组织褐变过程中基因和蛋白质表达的累加效应。肌肉生长抑制素可能对介导脂肪组织褐变的PGC-1α-UCP1途径具有调节作用。
