凡纳滨对虾的耐寒性对于特定地区的育种具有重要意义。探讨南美白对虾耐寒机理,这项研究分析了生化指标,细胞凋亡,在低温胁迫(18°C和10°C)下,耐寒(Lv-T)和普通(Lv-C)南美白对虾的代谢组学反应。TUNEL分析显示低温胁迫下凡纳滨对虾肝胰管细胞凋亡显著增加。生化分析表明,Lv-T显著升高超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和甘油三酯(TG)水平,而丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT),碱性磷酸酶(ALP),乳酸脱氢酶(LDH-L),与Lv-C相比,尿酸(UA)水平明显下降(p<0.05)。代谢组学分析显示代谢物如LysoPC(P-16:0)显著增加,11β-羟基-3,20-二氧代-4-烯-21-酸,还有匹布特罗,而代谢物如4-羟基水苏碱,oxolan-3-one,与Lv-C相比,Lv-T中的3-甲基二氧吲哚显着降低。差异调节的代谢产物主要富集在蛋白质消化和吸收等途径,癌症和ABC转运蛋白中的中心碳代谢。我们的研究表明,低温会对虾的肝胰管造成损害,从而影响其代谢功能。南美白对虾Lv-T的抗寒机制可能是由于抗氧化酶和脂质代谢的增强。
The cold tolerance of Litopenaeus vannamei is important for breeding in specific areas. To explore the cold tolerance mechanism of L. vannamei, this study analyzed biochemical indicators, cell apoptosis, and metabolomic responses in cold-tolerant (Lv-T) and common (Lv-C) L. vannamei under low-temperature stress (18 °C and 10 °C). TUNEL analysis showed a significant increase in apoptosis of hepatopancreatic duct cells in L. vannamei under low-temperature stress. Biochemical analysis showed that Lv-T had significantly increased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and triglycerides (TG), while alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH-L), and uric acid (UA) levels were significantly decreased compared to Lv-C (p < 0.05). Metabolomic analysis displayed significant increases in metabolites such as LysoPC (P-16:0), 11beta-Hydroxy-3,20-dioxopregn-4-en-21-oic acid, and Pirbuterol, while metabolites such as 4-Hydroxystachydrine, Oxolan-3-one, and 3-Methyldioxyindole were significantly decreased in Lv-T compared to Lv-C. The differentially regulated metabolites were mainly enriched in pathways such as Protein digestion and absorption, Central carbon metabolism in cancer and ABC transporters. Our study indicate that low temperature induces damage to the hepatopancreatic duct of shrimp, thereby affecting its metabolic function. The cold resistance mechanism of Lv-T L. vannamei may be due to the enhancement of antioxidant enzymes and lipid metabolism.