METHODS: CHR participants ages 12-30 from the North American Prodromal Longitudinal Study (NAPLS-3) (N = 698) were grouped according to: \"minimal to no cannabis use\" (n = 406), \"occasional use\" (n = 127), or \"frequent use\" (n = 165). At baseline, cannabis use groups were compared on neurocognitive tests, clinical, and functional measures. Follow-up analyses were used to model relationships between cannabis use frequency, neurocognition, premorbid, and social functioning.
RESULTS: Occasional cannabis users performed significantly better than other use-groups on measures of IQ, with similar trend-level patterns observed across neurocognitive domains. Occasional cannabis users demonstrated better social, global, and premorbid functioning compared to the other use-groups and less severe symptoms compared to the frequent use group. Follow-up structural equation modeling/path analyses found significant positive associations between premorbid functioning, social functioning, and IQ, which in turn was associated with occasional cannabis use frequency.
CONCLUSIONS: Better premorbid functioning positively predicts both better social functioning and higher IQ which in turn is associated with a moderate cannabis use pattern in CHR, similar to reports in first-episode and chronic psychosis samples. Better premorbid functioning likely represents a protective factor in the CHR population and predicts a better functional outcome.
方法:来自北美前驱纵向研究(NAPLS-3)(N=698)的年龄为12-30岁的CHR参与者根据以下方面进行分组:“最少使用大麻”(n=406),“偶尔使用”(n=127),或“频繁使用”(n=165)。在基线,使用大麻的群体在神经认知测试中进行了比较,临床,和功能措施。后续分析用于模拟大麻使用频率之间的关系,神经认知,病前,和社会功能。
结果:偶尔使用大麻的人在智商方面的表现明显优于其他使用群体,在神经认知领域观察到相似的趋势水平模式。偶尔大麻使用者表现出更好的社交能力,全球,与其他使用组相比,病前功能正常,与频繁使用组相比,症状较轻。后续结构方程建模/路径分析发现,病前功能之间存在显着的正相关关系,社会功能,和IQ,这反过来又与偶尔使用大麻的频率有关。
结论:更好的病前功能积极预测更好的社会功能和更高的智商,这反过来又与CHR的适度大麻使用模式有关。与首发和慢性精神病样本的报告相似。更好的病前功能可能代表CHR人群的保护因素,并预测更好的功能结果。