PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an essential food for half of the global population and is vital in maintaining global food security. Climate change, increasing population and recent incident of COVID pandemic has generated financial burden and threaten the global food security. Due to theses factors rice cultivation also has to face significant challenges. frequent weather changes pose a considerable challenge to agricultural planning, which was previously relaying on consistent seasonal variations. In this context, rice cultivation is particularly sensitive to cold, where its development and productivity inhibited by low temperatures (< 18 °C). Developing rice varietes with low temprature tolerence and good yield potential is one of the major goals of current breeding efforts of plant scientists. For this purpose, short duration and early rice varieties are most favorable to avoid cold stress and yield more in less number of days. this study was designed to investigate the effect of low temperatures on different rice varieties. the study was designed to identify low temprature tolerent genotypes with early and regular cultivation. For this, thirty-four genotypes were evaluated in two gorwing seasons (2018-2019) with four different sowing times. Statistically sowing time showed significant interaction between all yield contributing parameters. The data indicate that exposure to low temperatures during the reproductive phase prolongs the maturation period of the crop, also length of the panicle and the fertility of the spikelets drops, resulting in a significant decrease in the production of sensitive varieties. Some varieties are more sensitive to cold stress compared to others. In the Egyptian context, Giza176, Sakha104, and Sakha107 are recommended for early cultivation, while the genotypes Giza 179, Sakha101, Sakha104, and GZ 9730-1-1-1-1 are indicated for the normal cultivation period. The Sakha104 variety is particularly notable, as it is recommended for both purposes. In addition, the data obtained in this study provide valuable information for selecting rice varieties suitable for double cropping in the North Delta of Egypt. This study also contributes to the existing literature, providing insights into the resilience of rice cultivation in the face of climate change.
摘要：
水稻是全球一半人口的重要食物,对维护全球粮食安全至关重要。气候变化,不断增加的人口和最近的COVID大流行事件造成了财政负担，并威胁着全球粮食安全。由于这些因素，水稻种植也面临着重大挑战。频繁的天气变化对农业规划构成了相当大的挑战，以前是在一致的季节性变化上中继的。在这种情况下，水稻种植对寒冷特别敏感，低温（<18°C）抑制了其发展和生产力。开发温度低，产量好的水稻品种是植物科学家当前育种工作的主要目标之一。为此,短稻和早稻品种最有利于避免寒冷胁迫，并在较少的天数内产量更多。本研究旨在研究低温对不同水稻品种的影响。该研究旨在通过早期和定期培养来鉴定低温粘附基因型。为此，在两个播种季节（2018-2019年）评估了34种基因型，播种时间不同。统计播种时间显示所有产量贡献参数之间的显着相互作用。数据表明，在生殖阶段暴露于低温会延长作物的成熟期，圆锥花序的长度和小穗的生育力也下降了，导致敏感品种产量大幅下降。与其他品种相比，有些品种对冷应激更敏感。在埃及的背景下，Giza176，Sakha104和Sakha107建议用于早期种植，而基因型Giza179，Sakha101，Sakha104和GZ9730-1-1-1-1-1表示为正常培养期。Sakha104品种尤其值得注意，因为这两个目的都推荐。此外,本研究获得的数据为选择适合埃及北三角洲双季种植的水稻品种提供了有价值的信息。这项研究也有助于现有的文献，提供对面对气候变化的水稻种植弹性的见解。
