Abstract：
The extraction and burning of coal release genotoxic pollutants, and understanding the relationship between genetic damage and the spatial distribution of residences in coal-using regions is crucial. The study aimed to conduct a spatial analysis of genotoxic damage through the of micronuclei (MNs) number and their proximity to coal mining/burning in the largest coal exploration region in Brazil. In this study, the detection of genotoxic damage was performed using the MN assay in oral cells of residents exposed to coal mining activities. Spatial analysis was conducted using QGIS 3.28.10 based on information obtained from a questionnaire administered to the population. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to assess the influence of the distance from residential areas to polluting sources on the number of MNs found. Additionally, Spearman\'s correlation was performed to identify the strength and direction of the association between the frequency of MNs and each of the polluting sources. A total of 147 MNs were quantified among all participants in the coal mining region. Notably, residents living within 2 km and 10 km of pollution sources exhibited the highest prevalence of MNs. The analysis demonstrated a significant correlation between closer proximity to pollution sources and increased MN frequency, underscoring the spatial relationship between these sources and genotoxic damage. Environmental pollutants from anthropogenic sources present a major health risk, potentially leading to irreversible damage. The spatial analysis in this study highlights the importance of targeted public policies. These policies should aim for a sustainable balance between economic development and public health, promoting effective measures to mitigate environmental impacts and protect community health.
摘要：
煤释放基因毒性污染物的提取和燃烧，理解遗传损伤与煤炭利用区住宅空间分布之间的关系至关重要。该研究旨在通过巴西最大的煤炭勘探区的微核（MNs）数及其与煤炭开采/燃烧的接近度对基因毒性损伤进行空间分析。在这项研究中,基因毒性损伤的检测是使用MN测定法在暴露于煤矿开采活动的居民的口腔细胞中进行的。空间分析是使用QGIS3.28.10根据从对人群进行的问卷调查中获得的信息进行的。进行了多元线性回归分析，以评估从居民区到污染源的距离对发现的MN数量的影响。此外,进行Spearman的相关性以确定MNs频率与每个污染源之间的关联强度和方向。在煤矿区的所有参与者中，总共量化了147个MN。值得注意的是,居住在2公里和10公里污染源范围内的居民表现出最高的MNs患病率。分析表明，与污染源的距离较近与MN频率增加之间存在显着相关性，强调这些来源与基因毒性损伤之间的空间关系。来自人为来源的环境污染物存在重大的健康风险，可能导致不可逆转的损害。本研究的空间分析强调了有针对性的公共政策的重要性。这些政策应旨在实现经济发展与公共卫生之间的可持续平衡，促进有效措施减轻环境影响和保护社区健康。
