PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is affected by multiple factors, such as enriched environment, exercise, ageing, and neurodegenerative disorders. Neurodegenerative disorders can impair AHN, leading to progressive neuronal loss and cognitive decline. Compelling evidence suggests that individuals engaged in regular exercise exhibit higher production of proteins that are essential for AHN and memory. Interestingly, specific molecules that mediate the effects of exercise have shown effectiveness in promoting AHN and cognition in different transgenic animal models. Despite these advancements, the precise mechanisms by which exercise mimetics induce AHN remain partially understood. Recently, some novel exercise molecules have been tested and the underlying mechanisms have been proposed, involving intercommunications between multiple organs such as muscle-brain crosstalk, liver-brain crosstalk, and gut-brain crosstalk. In this review, we will discuss the current evidence regarding the effects and potential mechanisms of exercise mimetics on AHN and cognition in various neurological disorders. Opportunities, challenges, and future directions in this research field are also discussed.
摘要：
成人海马神经发生(AHN)受多种因素影响,如丰富的环境，锻炼,老化,和神经退行性疾病。神经退行性疾病会损害AHN，导致进行性神经元损失和认知能力下降。令人信服的证据表明，从事定期运动的个体表现出更高的蛋白质产量，这些蛋白质对AHN和记忆至关重要。有趣的是,介导运动效应的特定分子在不同的转基因动物模型中显示出促进AHN和认知的有效性。尽管取得了这些进步,运动模拟物诱导AHN的确切机制仍部分了解。最近,一些新的运动分子已经被测试，潜在的机制已经被提出，涉及多个器官之间的相互通信，例如肌肉-大脑串扰，肝脑串扰,和肠脑串扰。在这次审查中,我们将讨论关于运动模拟物对各种神经系统疾病中的AHN和认知的影响和潜在机制的现有证据。机遇,挑战,并对该研究领域的未来发展方向进行了讨论。
