Abstract：
The coastal areas and the adjacent islands are the hotspots of human economic and social activities, including urbanization, industrialization, and agricultural practices, which have profound impacts on the ecological environment of the coastal environment. Antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs）, as emerging contaminants, have become hot topics in water ecological security and public concern. However, the profiles of antibiotic resistome in the costal water remain largely unknown, impeding resistome risk assessment associated with coastal environments. In this study, the high-throughput quantitative PCR technique was used to investigate the abundance and distribution of ARGs in the coastal environment of Xiamen City. Combined with the 16S rDNA gene amplicon sequencing method, the structure and composition of the microbial community in a water environment were investigated, and the influencing factors and associated mechanism of ARGs in seawater were deeply explained. The results of this study showed that a total of 187 ARGs were detected in the coastal water environment, and the abundance level was up to 1.29×1010 copies·L-1. Multidrug resistance, aminoglycosides, and β lactamase resistance genes were the three main classes of antibiotic resistance genes in the water environment of the Xiamen coastal zone. On the whole, the profile of ARGs was of high abundance, great diversity, and common co-existence, and the coastal water environment was an important hot area and reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes. Twenty-two microbes, including Nautella, Candidatus, Tenacibaculum, Rubripirellula, and Woeseia, were potential carriers of the corresponding 16 antibiotic resistance genes. The mobile genetic elements （MGEs） and microbial community structure accounted for 93.9% of the variation in environmental resistance genes in water. Therefore, microbial community and its mobile genetic elements were the most important driving forces for the occurrence and evolution of ARGs in coastal waters. Based on the results, it is implied that the environmental antibiotic resistance genes in the waters near Xiamen Island have potential risks to water ecological security and human health and highlight the necessity for comprehensive surveillance of ARGs associated with microbial contamination in the coastal aquatic environment.
摘要：
沿海地区和邻近岛屿是人类经济和社会活动的热点地区,包括城市化，工业化,和农业实践，对沿海生态环境产生深远的影响。抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）,作为新兴的污染物，成为水生态安全和公众关注的热点问题。然而,肋部水中抗生素耐药性的概况仍然未知，阻碍与沿海环境相关的耐药性风险评估。在这项研究中,采用高通量定量PCR技术对厦门市滨海环境中ARGs的丰度和分布进行了研究。结合16SrDNA基因扩增子测序法,研究了水环境中微生物群落的结构和组成，并对海水中ARGs的影响因素及相关机制进行了深入解释。这项研究的结果表明，在沿海水域环境中总共检测到187种ARGs，丰度水平高达1.29×1010拷贝·L-1。多药耐药,氨基糖苷类,β内酰胺酶抗性基因是厦门海岸带水环境中主要的3类抗生素抗性基因。总的来说,ARGs的轮廓丰度很高，巨大的多样性，和共同共存，沿海水域环境是抗生素抗性基因的重要热点地区和水库。22种微生物,包括Nautella,Candidatus,肌腱杆菌,红宝石，和Woeseia,是相应的16种抗生素抗性基因的潜在携带者。可移动遗传元件（MGEs）和微生物群落结构占水体环境抗性基因变异的93.9%。因此,微生物群落及其可移动的遗传元件是沿海水域ARGs发生和进化的最重要驱动力。根据结果,这表明厦门岛附近海域的环境抗生素抗性基因对水生态安全和人类健康具有潜在风险，并强调了对沿海水生环境中与微生物污染相关的ARGs进行全面监测的必要性。
