PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Phytopathogenic fungi are responsible for diseases in commercially important crops and cause major supply problems in the global food chain. Plants were able to protect themselves from disease before humans played an active role in protecting plants. They are known to synthesize a variety of secondary metabolites (SMs), such as terpenes, alkaloids, and phenolic compounds, which can be extracted using conventional and unconventional techniques to formulate biofungicides; plant extracts have antifungal activity and various mechanisms of action against these organisms. In addition, they are considered non-phytotoxic and potentially effective in disease control. They are a sustainable and economically viable alternative for use in agriculture, which is why biofungicides are increasingly recognized as an attractive option to solve the problems caused by synthetic fungicides. Currently, organic farming continues to grow, highlighting the importance of developing environmentally friendly alternatives for crop production. This review provides a compilation of the literature on biosynthesis, mechanisms of action of secondary metabolites against phytopathogens, extraction techniques and formulation of biofungicides, biological activity of plant extracts on phytopathogenic fungi, regulation, advantages, disadvantages and an overview of the current use of biofungicides in agriculture.
摘要：
植物病原性真菌是商业上重要作物中的疾病的原因，并在全球食物链中引起主要的供应问题。在人类在保护植物方面发挥积极作用之前，植物能够保护自己免受疾病的侵害。已知它们合成多种次级代谢产物(SMs),比如萜烯,生物碱，和酚类化合物，可以使用常规和非常规技术提取以配制生物杀真菌剂;植物提取物具有抗真菌活性和针对这些生物的各种作用机制。此外,它们被认为是无植物毒性的，可能对疾病控制有效。它们是用于农业的可持续和经济上可行的替代品，这就是为什么生物杀菌剂越来越被认为是解决合成杀菌剂引起的问题的有吸引力的选择。目前,有机农业继续发展，强调开发环境友好型作物生产替代品的重要性。这篇综述提供了关于生物合成的文献汇编，次级代谢产物对植物病原菌的作用机制，生物杀菌剂的提取技术和配方，植物提取物对植物病原真菌的生物活性，regulation,优势,并概述了生物杀菌剂在农业中的使用现状。
