Abstract：
The distinctive environmental attributes of the Southern Ocean underscore the indispensability of microorganisms in this region. We analyzed 208 samples obtained from four separate layers (Surface, Deep Chlorophyll Maximum, Middle, and Bottom) in the neighboring seas of the Antarctic Peninsula and the Cosmonaut Sea to explore variations in microbial composition, interactions and community assembly processes. The results demonstrated noteworthy distinctions in alpha and beta diversity across diverse communities, with the increase in water depth, a gradual rise in community diversity was observed. In particular, the co-occurrence network analysis exposed pronounced microbial interactions within the same water mass, which are notably stronger than those observed between different water masses. Co-occurrence network complexity was higher in the surface water mass than in the bottom water mass. Yet, the surface water mass exhibited greater network stability. Moreover, in the phylogenetic-based β-nearest taxon distance analyses, deterministic processes were identified as the primary factors influencing community assembly in Antarctic microorganisms. This study contributes to exploring diversity and assembly processes under the complex hydrological conditions of Antarctica.
摘要：
南大洋独特的环境属性强调了该地区微生物的不可或缺性。我们分析了从四个独立层获得的208个样品(表面，深层叶绿素最大值，中间,和底部）在南极半岛和宇航员海的邻近海域探索微生物组成的变化，交互和社区组装过程。结果表明，不同社区的α和β多样性存在显著差异，随着水深的增加，观察到社区多样性逐渐上升。特别是,共现网络分析暴露了同一水团内明显的微生物相互作用，明显强于在不同水团之间观察到的那些。地表水团中的共现网络复杂性高于底部水团。然而，地表水团表现出更大的网络稳定性。此外，在基于系统发育的β最近分类群距离分析中，确定性过程被确定为影响南极微生物群落组装的主要因素。这项研究有助于探索南极洲复杂水文条件下的多样性和组装过程。
