Abstract：
The reuse of hydroxyapatite particles (HAPs) as a granulation activator for anammox sludge was explored to address the remaining issues of time-consuming and unstable granular structure in anammox granulation. During the granulation, nitrogen removal capacity from 2.8 to 13.7 gN/L/d was obtained within 193 days, accompanied by an enhancement in bio-activity from 0.23 to 0.52 gN/gVSS/d. HAPs and anammox microorganisms coupled well to aggregate into granules for denser biomass, higher settleability, and stronger mechanical properties, which effectively improved the biomass retention capacity and structural strength of the sludge system. A skeleton structure formed by the HAPs was characterized during the transformation of the granules, playing a crucial role in strengthening the stability of the sludge. The intermediate processes of granulation were thus clarified to propose an evolutionary pathway for anammox-HAP granules. The pre-addition of HAPs is conducive to achieving faster anammox granulation and rapid process start-up for high-strength wastewater treatment.
摘要：
探索了羟基磷灰石颗粒（HAP）作为anammox污泥的造粒活化剂的重复使用，以解决anammox造粒中耗时且颗粒结构不稳定的剩余问题。在造粒过程中,在193天内获得2.8至13.7gN/L/d的脱氮能力，伴随着生物活性从0.23gN/gVSS/d提高到0.52gN/gVSS/d。HAP和厌氧氨氧化微生物耦合良好，聚集成颗粒，获得更致密的生物质，更高的可沉降性，和更强的机械性能，有效提高了污泥系统的生物量保留能力和结构强度。在颗粒转化过程中，表征了由HAP形成的骨架结构，对增强污泥的稳定性起着至关重要的作用。因此阐明了造粒的中间过程，从而提出了anammox-HAP颗粒的进化途径。HAP的预添加有利于实现更快的厌氧氨氧化造粒和快速的工艺启动，用于高强度废水处理。
