Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: A severe lockdown occurred in Wuhan during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a remission phase in the pandemic\'s aftermath. This study analyzed the bacterial and fungal profiles of respiratory pathogens in patients hospitalized with non-COVID-19 lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) during this period to determine the pathogen profile distributions in different age groups and hospital departments in Wuhan.
RESULTS: We collected reports of pathogen testing in the medical records of patients hospitalized with non-COVID-19 LRTI between 2019 and 2021. These cases were tested for bacterial and fungal pathogens using 16S and internal transcribed spacer sequencing methods on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples. The study included 1368 cases. The bacteria most commonly identified were Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.50%) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (8.33%). The most commonly identified fungi were Aspergillus fumigatus (2.49%) and Pneumocystis jirovecii (1.75%). Compared to 2019, the S. pneumoniae detection rates increased significantly in 2021, and those of M. pneumoniae decreased. Streptococcus pneumoniae was detected mainly in children. The detection rates of almost all fungi were greater in the respiratory Intensive Care Unit compared to respiratory medicine. Streptococcus pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae were detected more frequently in the pediatric department.
CONCLUSIONS: Before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, a change in the common pathogen spectrum was detected in patients with non-COVID-19 in Wuhan, with the greatest change occurring among children. The major pathogens varied by the patient\'s age and the hospital department.
RESULTS: We collected reports of pathogen testing in the medical records of patients hospitalized with non-COVID-19 LRTI between 2019 and 2021. These cases were tested for bacterial and fungal pathogens using 16S and internal transcribed spacer sequencing methods on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples. The study included 1368 cases. The bacteria most commonly identified were Streptococcus pneumoniae (12.50%) and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (8.33%). The most commonly identified fungi were Aspergillus fumigatus (2.49%) and Pneumocystis jirovecii (1.75%). Compared to 2019, the S. pneumoniae detection rates increased significantly in 2021, and those of M. pneumoniae decreased. Streptococcus pneumoniae was detected mainly in children. The detection rates of almost all fungi were greater in the respiratory Intensive Care Unit compared to respiratory medicine. Streptococcus pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae were detected more frequently in the pediatric department.
CONCLUSIONS: Before and after the COVID-19 outbreak, a change in the common pathogen spectrum was detected in patients with non-COVID-19 in Wuhan, with the greatest change occurring among children. The major pathogens varied by the patient\'s age and the hospital department.
摘要：
目的：在COVID-19大流行期间，武汉发生了严重的封锁，随后是大流行后的缓解阶段。本研究分析武汉市非COVID-19下呼吸道感染(LRTI)住院患者呼吸道病原菌的细菌和真菌谱，以确定不同年龄段和医院科室的病原菌分布。
结果：我们收集了2019年至2021年间非COVID-19LRTI住院患者病历中病原体检测的报告。使用16S和内部转录间隔区测序方法对支气管肺泡灌洗液样品进行了细菌和真菌病原体的测试。该研究包括1368例病例。最常见的细菌是肺炎链球菌(12.50%)和肺炎支原体(8.33%)。最常见的真菌是烟曲霉（2.49％）和肺孢子虫（1.75％）。与2019年相比，2021年肺炎链球菌检出率显著提高，肺炎支原体检出率下降。肺炎链球菌主要在儿童中检出。与呼吸内科相比，呼吸重症监护病房几乎所有真菌的检出率都更高。肺炎链球菌和肺炎支原体在儿科更常见。
结论：在COVID-19爆发之前和之后，在武汉的非COVID-19患者中检测到常见病原体谱的变化，最大的变化发生在儿童中。主要病原体因患者年龄和医院科室而异。
结果：我们收集了2019年至2021年间非COVID-19LRTI住院患者病历中病原体检测的报告。使用16S和内部转录间隔区测序方法对支气管肺泡灌洗液样品进行了细菌和真菌病原体的测试。该研究包括1368例病例。最常见的细菌是肺炎链球菌(12.50%)和肺炎支原体(8.33%)。最常见的真菌是烟曲霉（2.49％）和肺孢子虫（1.75％）。与2019年相比，2021年肺炎链球菌检出率显著提高，肺炎支原体检出率下降。肺炎链球菌主要在儿童中检出。与呼吸内科相比，呼吸重症监护病房几乎所有真菌的检出率都更高。肺炎链球菌和肺炎支原体在儿科更常见。
结论：在COVID-19爆发之前和之后，在武汉的非COVID-19患者中检测到常见病原体谱的变化，最大的变化发生在儿童中。主要病原体因患者年龄和医院科室而异。
