PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Numerous studies confirm the effectiveness of cognitive training in older adults. However, there is limited evidence of the transfer occurrence. The part of the study presented here tested the effect of 12 process-based working memory training sessions on the performance of the trained task (training effect) and other cognitive tasks (transfer effect). A pretest-posttest study design with one experimental group and two control (passive and active) groups. The sample comprised three groups of older adults: experimental (n = 25), passive control (n = 22), active control (n = 7), and young adults: experimental (n = 25), passive control (n = 25), and active control (n = 12). The study was registered after completion with a ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06235840 on 31 January 2024.
RESULTS: Under the influence of training, the performance of the trained task improved significantly, but only in young adults. Transfer of WM training effects was not revealed. Among young adults, a testing effect was observed for the indicator of attentional focus and psychomotor speed. Moreover, the obtained results suggest the transfer from practice in multi-domain training, implemented in the active control group, to tasks that require the use of fluid intelligence. However, this finding should be interpreted with great caution due to the small size of active control groups.
RESULTS: Under the influence of training, the performance of the trained task improved significantly, but only in young adults. Transfer of WM training effects was not revealed. Among young adults, a testing effect was observed for the indicator of attentional focus and psychomotor speed. Moreover, the obtained results suggest the transfer from practice in multi-domain training, implemented in the active control group, to tasks that require the use of fluid intelligence. However, this finding should be interpreted with great caution due to the small size of active control groups.
摘要：
目的：大量研究证实了认知训练对老年人的有效性。然而,转移发生的证据有限。此处介绍的研究部分测试了12个基于过程的工作记忆训练课程对经过训练的任务（训练效果）和其他认知任务（转移效果）的表现的影响。具有一个实验组和两个对照组（被动和主动）的前测-后测研究设计。样本包括三组老年人：实验(n=25)，被动控制(n=22)，主动控制(n=7)，和年轻人：实验（n=25），被动控制(n=25)，和主动控制(n=12)。该研究于2024年1月31日在ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT06235840中注册。
结果：在训练的影响下，受训任务的性能显著提高，但仅限于年轻人。未显示WM训练效果的转移。在年轻人中，观察到注意力集中和精神运动速度指标的测试效果.此外，获得的结果表明，在多领域培训中从实践中转移，在主动控制组中实施，需要使用流体智能的任务。然而,由于主动对照组的数量较小,因此应非常谨慎地解释这一发现.
结果：在训练的影响下，受训任务的性能显著提高，但仅限于年轻人。未显示WM训练效果的转移。在年轻人中，观察到注意力集中和精神运动速度指标的测试效果.此外，获得的结果表明，在多领域培训中从实践中转移，在主动控制组中实施，需要使用流体智能的任务。然而,由于主动对照组的数量较小,因此应非常谨慎地解释这一发现.
