PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Climate change, unpredictable weather patterns, and droughts are depleting water resources in some parts of the globe, where recycling and reusing wastewater is a strategy for different purposes. To counteract this, the EU regulation for water reuse sets minimum requirements for the use of reclaimed water for agricultural irrigation, including a reduction in human enteric viruses. In the present study, the occurrence of several human enteric viruses, including the human norovirus genogroup I (HuNoV GI), HuNoV GII, and rotavirus (RV), along with viral fecal contamination indicator crAssphage was monitored by using (RT)-qPCR methods on influent wastewater and reclaimed water samples. Moreover, the level of somatic coliphages was also determined as a culturable viral indicator. To assess the potential viral infectivity, an optimization of a capsid integrity PMAxx-RT-qPCR method was performed on sewage samples. Somatic coliphages were present in 60% of the reclaimed water samples, indicating inefficient virus inactivation. Following PMAxx-RT-qPCR optimization, 66% of the samples tested positive for at least one of the analyzed enteric viruses, with concentrations ranging from 2.79 to 7.30 Log10 genome copies (gc)/L. Overall, most of the analyzed reclaimed water samples did not comply with current EU legislation and contained potential infectious viral particles.
摘要：
气候变化,不可预测的天气模式，干旱正在耗尽全球一些地区的水资源，回收和再利用废水是一种不同目的的策略。为了抵消这一点，欧盟关于水回用的法规为农业灌溉使用再生水设定了最低要求，包括减少人类肠道病毒。在本研究中,几种人类肠道病毒的出现，包括人类诺如病毒基因组I（HuNoVGI），HuNoVGII,和轮状病毒（RV），通过使用（RT）-qPCR方法对进水废水和再生水样品进行监测，以及病毒粪便污染指标。此外，体细胞大肠杆菌的水平也被确定为可培养的病毒指标。为了评估潜在的病毒感染性，对污水样品进行衣壳完整性PMAxx-RT-qPCR方法的优化。60％的再生水样品中存在体细胞噬菌体，表明病毒灭活效率低下。PMAxx-RT-qPCR优化后，66%的样本检测出至少一种肠道病毒呈阳性,浓度范围为2.79至7.30Log10基因组拷贝（gc）/L。总的来说,大多数分析的再生水样品不符合欧盟现行法规,并且含有潜在的感染性病毒颗粒.
