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Abstract：
BACKGROUND: One of the main goals for pediatric dentists is to offer a painless anesthesia experience. Laser photobiomodulation is among the suggested strategies to decrease injection pain. So, this study aimed to assess the impact of laser photobiomodulation on local anesthesia (LA) injection pain in children and its effect on the efficacy of LA during pulpotomy and SSC procedures.
METHODS: The research was carried out as a randomized controlled clinical trial with two parallel group design. It involved 64 cooperative healthy children, age range from 5 to 7 years, each having at least one maxillary molar indicated for pulpotomy. Children were randomly allocated to one of the two groups based on the pre-anesthetic tissue management technique used: test group received laser photobiomodulation, while control group received topical anesthetic gel. Pain during injection, pulpotomy, and SSC procedures was assessed using physiological measures (Heart Rate (HR)), subjective evaluation (modified Face-Pain-Scale (FPS), and objective analysis (Sound-Eye-Motor scale (SEM)).
RESULTS: A total of 64 children with mean age 6.23 ± 0.78 participated in this research. The mean HR scores were significantly lower in the laser PBM group during buccal and palatal infiltration injections. The SEM mean scores were significantly lower in the laser PBM group during both injections. For the FPS scale, the number of children who recorded satisfaction during injection was significantly higher in laser PBM group. There was no statistically significant difference in mean HR as well as in SEM and FPS scores between the two groups during pulpotomy and SSC procedures. Comparisons between the two study groups were performed using independent samples t- and Mann-Whitney U tests. Significance was set at p value < 0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: Laser photobiomodulation is a promising non-pharmacological pre-anesthetic tissue management technique in children that offered less painful injection compared to topical anesthetic gel without compromising the effectiveness of LA.
BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05861154. Registered on 16/5/2023.
METHODS: The research was carried out as a randomized controlled clinical trial with two parallel group design. It involved 64 cooperative healthy children, age range from 5 to 7 years, each having at least one maxillary molar indicated for pulpotomy. Children were randomly allocated to one of the two groups based on the pre-anesthetic tissue management technique used: test group received laser photobiomodulation, while control group received topical anesthetic gel. Pain during injection, pulpotomy, and SSC procedures was assessed using physiological measures (Heart Rate (HR)), subjective evaluation (modified Face-Pain-Scale (FPS), and objective analysis (Sound-Eye-Motor scale (SEM)).
RESULTS: A total of 64 children with mean age 6.23 ± 0.78 participated in this research. The mean HR scores were significantly lower in the laser PBM group during buccal and palatal infiltration injections. The SEM mean scores were significantly lower in the laser PBM group during both injections. For the FPS scale, the number of children who recorded satisfaction during injection was significantly higher in laser PBM group. There was no statistically significant difference in mean HR as well as in SEM and FPS scores between the two groups during pulpotomy and SSC procedures. Comparisons between the two study groups were performed using independent samples t- and Mann-Whitney U tests. Significance was set at p value < 0.05.
CONCLUSIONS: Laser photobiomodulation is a promising non-pharmacological pre-anesthetic tissue management technique in children that offered less painful injection compared to topical anesthetic gel without compromising the effectiveness of LA.
BACKGROUND: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05861154. Registered on 16/5/2023.
摘要：
背景：儿科牙医的主要目标之一是提供无痛的麻醉体验。激光光生物调节是减少注射疼痛的建议策略之一。所以,本研究旨在评估激光光生物调节对儿童局部麻醉(LA)注射疼痛的影响,以及其在开腹手术和SSC手术中对LA疗效的影响.
方法：本研究是一项随机对照临床试验，采用两个平行组设计。它涉及64名合作健康儿童，年龄从5岁到7岁，每个都有至少一个上颌磨牙指示进行牙髓切除术。根据使用的麻醉前组织管理技术，将儿童随机分为两组：实验组接受激光光生物调节，对照组给予局部麻醉凝胶。注射时疼痛，牙髓切除术,和SSC程序使用生理测量（心率（HR））进行评估，主观评价(改良面部疼痛量表(FPS)，和客观分析(声-眼-运动量表(SEM))。
结果：共有64名平均年龄为6.23±0.78的儿童参加了这项研究。在颊部和腭部浸润注射期间，激光PBM组的平均HR评分显着降低。在两次注射期间,激光PBM组的SEM平均得分显著较低。对于FPS量表，在激光PBM组中,在注射过程中记录到满意度的儿童数量显著高于对照组.在牙髓切除术和SSC手术期间，两组之间的平均HR以及SEM和FPS评分没有统计学上的显着差异。使用独立样本-和Mann-WhitneyU检验进行两个研究组之间的比较。显著性设定为p值<0.05。
结论：激光光生物调节是一种有前途的非药物麻醉前儿童组织管理技术，与局部麻醉凝胶相比，注射疼痛更少，而不会损害LA的有效性。
背景：ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05861154。注册于2023年5月16日。
方法：本研究是一项随机对照临床试验，采用两个平行组设计。它涉及64名合作健康儿童，年龄从5岁到7岁，每个都有至少一个上颌磨牙指示进行牙髓切除术。根据使用的麻醉前组织管理技术，将儿童随机分为两组：实验组接受激光光生物调节，对照组给予局部麻醉凝胶。注射时疼痛，牙髓切除术,和SSC程序使用生理测量（心率（HR））进行评估，主观评价(改良面部疼痛量表(FPS)，和客观分析(声-眼-运动量表(SEM))。
结果：共有64名平均年龄为6.23±0.78的儿童参加了这项研究。在颊部和腭部浸润注射期间，激光PBM组的平均HR评分显着降低。在两次注射期间,激光PBM组的SEM平均得分显著较低。对于FPS量表，在激光PBM组中,在注射过程中记录到满意度的儿童数量显著高于对照组.在牙髓切除术和SSC手术期间，两组之间的平均HR以及SEM和FPS评分没有统计学上的显着差异。使用独立样本-和Mann-WhitneyU检验进行两个研究组之间的比较。显著性设定为p值<0.05。
结论：激光光生物调节是一种有前途的非药物麻醉前儿童组织管理技术，与局部麻醉凝胶相比，注射疼痛更少，而不会损害LA的有效性。
背景：ClinicalTrials.gov标识符：NCT05861154。注册于2023年5月16日。
