PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Development of effective pollution mitigation strategies require an understanding of the pollution sources and factors influencing fecal pollution loading. Fecal contamination of Turkey Creek in Gulfport, Mississippi, one of the nation\'s most endangered creeks, was studied through a multi-tiered approach. Over a period of approximately two years, four stations across the watershed were analyzed for nutrients, enumeration of E. coli, male-specific coliphages and bioinformatic analysis of sediment microbial communities. The results demonstrated that two stations, one adjacent to a lift station and one just upstream from the wastewater-treatment plant, were the most impacted. The station adjacent to land containing a few livestock was the least impaired. While genotyping of male-specific coliphage viruses generally revealed a mixed viral signature (human and other animals), fecal contamination at the station near the wastewater treatment plant exhibited predominant impact by municipal sewage. Fecal indicator loadings were positively associated with antecedent rainfall for three of four stations. No associations were noted between fecal indicator loadings and any of the nutrients. Taxonomic signatures of creek sediment were unique to each sample station, but the sediment microbial community did overlap somewhat following major rain events. No presence of Escherichia coli (E. coli) or enterococci were found in the sediment. At some of the stations it was evident that rainfall was not always the primary driver of fecal transport. Repeated monitoring and analysis of a variety of parameters presented in this study determined that point and non-point sources of fecal pollution varied spatially in association with treated and/or untreated sewage.
摘要：
制定有效的污染缓解策略需要了解污染源和影响粪便污染负荷的因素。格尔夫波特土耳其溪的粪便污染，密西西比州,国家最濒危的小溪之一,通过多层次的方法进行了研究。在大约两年的时间里，对整个流域的四个站进行了营养分析，大肠杆菌的计数，男性特异性大肠杆菌和沉积物微生物群落的生物信息学分析。结果表明，两个站，一个靠近电梯站，一个就在废水处理厂的上游，受到的影响最大。邻近有几只牲畜的土地的车站受到的影响最小。虽然男性特异性大肠杆菌噬菌体病毒的基因分型通常显示出混合的病毒特征（人类和其他动物），污水处理厂附近车站的粪便污染主要受到城市污水的影响。四个站点中的三个站点的粪便指标负荷与前期降雨呈正相关。在粪便指示剂负荷和任何营养素之间没有发现关联。小溪沉积物的分类特征对于每个样品站都是唯一的，但是在重大降雨事件之后，沉积物微生物群落确实有些重叠。不存在大肠杆菌(E.在沉积物中发现了大肠杆菌）或肠球菌。在一些车站，很明显，降雨并不总是粪便运输的主要驱动力。本研究中对各种参数的反复监测和分析确定，粪便污染的点源和非点源在空间上与处理过的和/或未经处理的污水有关。
