Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Self-compassion is a healthy way of responding to challenges that may help long-term care professional caregivers (ie, nursing assistants and personal care aides) cope with stress, but its use may vary in important ways. This study explored the relationships between self-compassion and caregiver demographic characteristics, anxiety and depressive symptoms, and job satisfaction in a large racially/ethnically diverse sample of professional caregivers.
METHODS: Cross-sectional self-report questionnaire.
METHODS: A total of 391 professional caregivers, including nursing assistants and personal care aides from 10 nursing homes and 3 assisted living communities in New York, California, and North Carolina.
METHODS: Professional caregivers were invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding stress and coping. Self-compassion was measured using the Self-Compassion for Youth Scale; anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using standardized screeners; and job satisfaction was assessed via an item used in a national survey. Self-compassion scores were represented by total scores and individual subscale scores. Analysis of variance was used to examine differences in self-compassion scores based on demographic characteristics, and correlation coefficients were used to explore relationships between self-compassion and mental health symptoms and job satisfaction.
RESULTS: Significant differences were found in self-compassion based on age, race/ethnicity, place of birth, and education. In general, older caregivers, caregivers with higher education, and caregivers born outside the United States had the highest self-compassion, whereas White caregivers had the lowest self-compassion. Self-compassion was negatively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms and positively associated with job satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS: Professional caregivers\' use of self-compassion to cope with challenges may depend on characteristics and life experiences influenced by their sociocultural background. Given the link between self-compassion and lower mental health symptoms and higher job satisfaction, it may be helpful to design and implement interventions with these differences in mind.
METHODS: Cross-sectional self-report questionnaire.
METHODS: A total of 391 professional caregivers, including nursing assistants and personal care aides from 10 nursing homes and 3 assisted living communities in New York, California, and North Carolina.
METHODS: Professional caregivers were invited to complete an online questionnaire regarding stress and coping. Self-compassion was measured using the Self-Compassion for Youth Scale; anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed using standardized screeners; and job satisfaction was assessed via an item used in a national survey. Self-compassion scores were represented by total scores and individual subscale scores. Analysis of variance was used to examine differences in self-compassion scores based on demographic characteristics, and correlation coefficients were used to explore relationships between self-compassion and mental health symptoms and job satisfaction.
RESULTS: Significant differences were found in self-compassion based on age, race/ethnicity, place of birth, and education. In general, older caregivers, caregivers with higher education, and caregivers born outside the United States had the highest self-compassion, whereas White caregivers had the lowest self-compassion. Self-compassion was negatively associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms and positively associated with job satisfaction.
CONCLUSIONS: Professional caregivers\' use of self-compassion to cope with challenges may depend on characteristics and life experiences influenced by their sociocultural background. Given the link between self-compassion and lower mental health symptoms and higher job satisfaction, it may be helpful to design and implement interventions with these differences in mind.
摘要：
目标：自我同情是应对挑战的健康方式，可能有助于长期护理专业护理人员（即，护理助理和个人护理助手)应对压力，但它的使用可能在重要方面有所不同。这项研究探讨了自我同情与照顾者人口统计学特征之间的关系，焦虑和抑郁症状,以及大量种族/种族不同的专业护理人员样本的工作满意度。
方法：横断面自我报告问卷。
方法：共有391名专业护理人员，包括来自纽约10个疗养院和3个辅助生活社区的护理助理和个人护理助理，加州,和北卡罗来纳州。
方法：邀请专业护理人员完成关于压力和应对的在线问卷。使用青年自我同情量表测量自我同情；使用标准化筛选器评估焦虑和抑郁症状；工作满意度通过国家调查中使用的项目进行评估。自我同情得分由总分和个人子量表得分表示。方差分析用于检查基于人口统计学特征的自我同情得分的差异，和相关系数用于探索自我同情与心理健康症状和工作满意度之间的关系。
结果：发现基于年龄的自我同情存在显着差异，种族/民族,出生地,和教育。总的来说,年长的照顾者，受过高等教育的照顾者，在美国以外出生的照顾者有最高的自我同情心，而白人照顾者的自我同情心最低。自我同情与焦虑和抑郁症状呈负相关，与工作满意度呈正相关。
结论：专业护理人员使用自我同情来应对挑战可能取决于其社会文化背景影响的特征和生活经历。鉴于自我同情与较低的心理健康症状和较高的工作满意度之间的联系，考虑到这些差异,设计和实施干预措施可能会有所帮助.
方法：横断面自我报告问卷。
方法：共有391名专业护理人员，包括来自纽约10个疗养院和3个辅助生活社区的护理助理和个人护理助理，加州,和北卡罗来纳州。
方法：邀请专业护理人员完成关于压力和应对的在线问卷。使用青年自我同情量表测量自我同情；使用标准化筛选器评估焦虑和抑郁症状；工作满意度通过国家调查中使用的项目进行评估。自我同情得分由总分和个人子量表得分表示。方差分析用于检查基于人口统计学特征的自我同情得分的差异，和相关系数用于探索自我同情与心理健康症状和工作满意度之间的关系。
结果：发现基于年龄的自我同情存在显着差异，种族/民族,出生地,和教育。总的来说,年长的照顾者，受过高等教育的照顾者，在美国以外出生的照顾者有最高的自我同情心，而白人照顾者的自我同情心最低。自我同情与焦虑和抑郁症状呈负相关，与工作满意度呈正相关。
结论：专业护理人员使用自我同情来应对挑战可能取决于其社会文化背景影响的特征和生活经历。鉴于自我同情与较低的心理健康症状和较高的工作满意度之间的联系，考虑到这些差异,设计和实施干预措施可能会有所帮助.
