Abstract：
Following the medical breakthroughs of Pasteur and Koch after 1880, the use of simians became pivotal to laboratory research to develop vaccines and cultivate microbes through the technique of serial passage. These innovations fueled research on multiple diseases and unleashed a demand for simians, which died easily in captivity. European and American colonial expansion facilitated a burgeoning market for laboratory animals that intensified hunting for live animals. This demand created novel opportunities for disease transfers and viral recombinations as simians of different species were confined in precarious settings. As laboratories moved into the colonies for research into a variety of diseases, notably syphilis, sleeping sickness, and malaria, the simian market was intensified. While researchers expected that colonial laboratories offered more natural environments than their metropolitan affiliates, amassing apes, people, microbes, and insects at close quarters instead created unnatural conditions that may have facilitated the spread of undetectable diseases.
摘要：
在1880年之后，巴斯德和科赫的医学突破之后，猿猴的使用成为实验室研究的关键，以开发疫苗并通过连续传代技术培养微生物。这些创新推动了对多种疾病的研究，释放了对猿猴的需求，很容易在囚禁中死去.欧洲和美国的殖民扩张促进了实验室动物市场的蓬勃发展，加剧了对活体动物的狩猎。这种需求为疾病转移和病毒重组创造了新的机会，因为不同物种的猿猴被限制在不稳定的环境中。随着实验室进入殖民地研究各种疾病，尤其是梅毒,昏睡病,疟疾，猿猴市场得到加强。虽然研究人员预计殖民地实验室提供的自然环境比他们的大都市附属机构更多，聚集猿类,人,微生物,相反，近距离的昆虫创造了不自然的条件，可能促进了无法检测到的疾病的传播。
