Abstract：
Working memory (WM) plays an important role in daily life and is known to correlated with aerobic fitness. However, whether the relationship between aerobic fitness and WM is dependent on the stimulus modality or is associated with one or multiple subprocesses involved in WM remains unknown. Accordingly, this study utilized event-related potentials (ERPs) to comprehensively examine the encoding, preparation, and retrieval processes during verbal and spatial WM performance. Eighty-eight young adults aged 18-30years were recruited to participate in two laboratory visits on separate days. On day 1, aerobic fitness was assessed by maximum oxygen consumption (V˙O2max) during a treadmill-based graded exercise test. On day 2, participants completed verbal and spatial WM tasks while P2, contingent negative voltage (CNV), and P3 components of ERP were recorded during the encoding, preparatory, and retrieval stages of WM, respectively. Results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that V˙O2max was positively correlated with response accuracy during the high-demanding condition of spatial WM after controlling for age, sex, and self-reported physical activity. Additionally, a higher level of V˙O2max was associated with larger terminal CNV amplitude at the Cz electrode during the high-demanding condition of spatial WM. These findings suggest that aerobic fitness may have selective beneficial associations with the motor preparatory process and subsequent task performance requiring a greater amount of spatial information but not the encoding and retrieval stages nor the verbal modality of WM.
摘要：
工作记忆（WM）在日常生活中起着重要作用，并且已知与有氧健身相关。然而,有氧健身与WM之间的关系是否取决于刺激模式，还是与WM中涉及的一个或多个子过程相关，目前尚不清楚。因此，本研究利用事件相关电位(ERPs)来全面检查编码，准备,以及言语和空间WM表现过程中的检索过程。招募了88名年龄在18-30岁之间的年轻人在不同的日子参加两次实验室访问。在第1天，在基于跑步机的分级运动测试中，通过最大耗氧量（V•O2max）评估有氧适应性。在第2天，参与者完成口头和空间WM任务，而P2，或然负电压（CNV），在编码过程中记录了ERP的P3组件，预备,和WM的检索阶段，分别。分层回归分析的结果表明，在控制年龄后，在空间WM的高要求条件下，V•O2max与响应精度呈正相关，性别,和自我报告的身体活动。此外,在空间WM的高要求条件下，较高的V•O2max水平与Cz电极处较大的最终CNV振幅有关。这些发现表明，有氧健身可能与运动准备过程和随后的任务执行具有选择性的有益关联，需要更多的空间信息，而不是编码和检索阶段，也不是WM的言语方式。
