PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) with those in people living without HIV (PLWoH).
METHODS: This nationwide descriptive epidemiological study was conducted in South Korea between January 2020 and February 2022. The National Health Insurance claim data, comprising the data of the entire Korean population, were collected through the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.
RESULTS: Among 3,653,808 individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19, 1311 (0.04%) were PLWH. All PLWH received antiretroviral therapy, and 26.47% had more than one underlying disease other than HIV infection. The overall in-hospital mortality rates of PLWH and PLWoH were 0.76% and 0.25%, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the Cox proportional hazard model, no significant difference was observed in the in-hospital mortality rate (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70-4.67) between the PLWH and PLWoH. However, progression to severe or critical COVID-19 was more common in PLWH (HR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.37-5.33). In PLWH diagnosed with COVID-19, a multivariable Cox regression analysis found old age (≥ 60 years) (HR: 6.9, 95% CI: 2.57-18.56) and diabetes mellitus (HR: 5.13, 95% CI: 2.02-13.00) as the independent risk factors for severe or critical COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: PLWH had a significantly higher risk of developing severe or critical COVID-19 compared with PLWoH. Our findings suggest the need for implementing tailored strategies to decrease the impact of COVID-19 on PLWH.
METHODS: This nationwide descriptive epidemiological study was conducted in South Korea between January 2020 and February 2022. The National Health Insurance claim data, comprising the data of the entire Korean population, were collected through the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.
RESULTS: Among 3,653,808 individuals who were diagnosed with COVID-19, 1311 (0.04%) were PLWH. All PLWH received antiretroviral therapy, and 26.47% had more than one underlying disease other than HIV infection. The overall in-hospital mortality rates of PLWH and PLWoH were 0.76% and 0.25%, respectively (P = 0.002). According to the Cox proportional hazard model, no significant difference was observed in the in-hospital mortality rate (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70-4.67) between the PLWH and PLWoH. However, progression to severe or critical COVID-19 was more common in PLWH (HR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.37-5.33). In PLWH diagnosed with COVID-19, a multivariable Cox regression analysis found old age (≥ 60 years) (HR: 6.9, 95% CI: 2.57-18.56) and diabetes mellitus (HR: 5.13, 95% CI: 2.02-13.00) as the independent risk factors for severe or critical COVID-19.
CONCLUSIONS: PLWH had a significantly higher risk of developing severe or critical COVID-19 compared with PLWoH. Our findings suggest the need for implementing tailored strategies to decrease the impact of COVID-19 on PLWH.
摘要：
背景：我们旨在比较2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）（PLWH）感染者和无HIV感染者（PLWoH）中的流行病学和临床特征。
方法：这项全国性的描述性流行病学研究于2020年1月至2022年2月在韩国进行。国民健康保险索赔数据，包括整个韩国人口的数据，是通过健康保险审查和评估服务收集的。
结果：在被诊断为COVID-19的3,653,808人中，有1311人（0.04%）为PLWH。所有PLWH都接受了抗逆转录病毒治疗，26.47％的人患有除HIV感染以外的一种以上潜在疾病。PLWH和PLWoH的总体住院死亡率分别为0.76%和0.25%,分别(P=0.002)。根据Cox比例风险模型,PLWH和PLWoH的住院死亡率(风险比[HR]:1.80,95%置信区间[CI]:0.70~4.67)无显著差异.然而,在PLWH中，进展为重度或危重症COVID-19更为常见（HR：2.70，95％CI：1.37-5.33）。在确诊为COVID-19的PLWH中，多变量Cox回归分析发现年龄（≥60岁）（HR：6.9，95％CI：2.57-18.56）和糖尿病（HR：5.13，95％CI：2.02-13.00）是严重或危重COVID-19的独立危险因素。
结论：与PLWoH相比，PLWH发生重症或危重症COVID-19的风险明显更高。我们的研究结果表明，有必要实施量身定制的策略，以减少COVID-19对PLWH的影响。
方法：这项全国性的描述性流行病学研究于2020年1月至2022年2月在韩国进行。国民健康保险索赔数据，包括整个韩国人口的数据，是通过健康保险审查和评估服务收集的。
结果：在被诊断为COVID-19的3,653,808人中，有1311人（0.04%）为PLWH。所有PLWH都接受了抗逆转录病毒治疗，26.47％的人患有除HIV感染以外的一种以上潜在疾病。PLWH和PLWoH的总体住院死亡率分别为0.76%和0.25%,分别(P=0.002)。根据Cox比例风险模型,PLWH和PLWoH的住院死亡率(风险比[HR]:1.80,95%置信区间[CI]:0.70~4.67)无显著差异.然而,在PLWH中，进展为重度或危重症COVID-19更为常见（HR：2.70，95％CI：1.37-5.33）。在确诊为COVID-19的PLWH中，多变量Cox回归分析发现年龄（≥60岁）（HR：6.9，95％CI：2.57-18.56）和糖尿病（HR：5.13，95％CI：2.02-13.00）是严重或危重COVID-19的独立危险因素。
结论：与PLWoH相比，PLWH发生重症或危重症COVID-19的风险明显更高。我们的研究结果表明，有必要实施量身定制的策略，以减少COVID-19对PLWH的影响。
