Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ), an incredibly complex disorder, remains multifaceted. Literature suggests the involvement of oxidative stress (OS) in the pathophysiology of SCZ.
OBJECTIVE: Determination of selected OS markers and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with chronic SCZ and those in states predisposing to SCZ-first episode psychosis (FP) and ultra-high risk (UHR).
METHODS: Determination of OS markers and BDNF levels by spectrophotometric methods and ELISA in 150 individuals (116 patients diagnosed with SCZ or in a predisposed state, divided into four subgroups according to the type of disorder: deficit schizophrenia, non-deficit schizophrenia, FP, UHR). The control group included 34 healthy volunteers.
RESULTS: Lower activities of analyzed antioxidant enzymes and GSH and TAC concentrations were found in all individuals in the study group compared to controls (p < 0.001). BDNF concentration was also lower in all groups compared to controls except in the UHR subgroup (p = 0.01). Correlations were observed between BDNF, R-GSSG, GST, GPx activity, and disease duration (p < 0.02). A small effect of smoking on selected OS markers was also noted (rho<0.06, p < 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: OS may play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCZ before developing the complete clinical pattern of the disorder. The redox imbalance manifests itself with such severity in individuals with SCZ and in a state predisposing to the development of this psychiatric disease that natural antioxidant systems become insufficient to compensate against it completely. The discussed OS biomarkers may support the SCZ diagnosis and predict its progression.
OBJECTIVE: Determination of selected OS markers and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in patients with chronic SCZ and those in states predisposing to SCZ-first episode psychosis (FP) and ultra-high risk (UHR).
METHODS: Determination of OS markers and BDNF levels by spectrophotometric methods and ELISA in 150 individuals (116 patients diagnosed with SCZ or in a predisposed state, divided into four subgroups according to the type of disorder: deficit schizophrenia, non-deficit schizophrenia, FP, UHR). The control group included 34 healthy volunteers.
RESULTS: Lower activities of analyzed antioxidant enzymes and GSH and TAC concentrations were found in all individuals in the study group compared to controls (p < 0.001). BDNF concentration was also lower in all groups compared to controls except in the UHR subgroup (p = 0.01). Correlations were observed between BDNF, R-GSSG, GST, GPx activity, and disease duration (p < 0.02). A small effect of smoking on selected OS markers was also noted (rho<0.06, p < 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: OS may play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCZ before developing the complete clinical pattern of the disorder. The redox imbalance manifests itself with such severity in individuals with SCZ and in a state predisposing to the development of this psychiatric disease that natural antioxidant systems become insufficient to compensate against it completely. The discussed OS biomarkers may support the SCZ diagnosis and predict its progression.
摘要：
背景：精神分裂症（SCZ）的病因，一种极其复杂的疾病，仍然是多方面的。文献表明氧化应激（OS）参与SCZ的病理生理学。
目的：确定慢性SCZ患者和易患SCZ首发精神病（FP）和超高风险（UHR）的患者的选定OS标志物和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）。
方法：通过分光光度法和ELISA测定150例个体（116例诊断为SCZ或处于易感状态的患者，根据疾病类型分为四个亚组：缺陷型精神分裂症，非缺陷型精神分裂症,FP,UHR）。对照组包括34名健康志愿者。
结果：与对照组相比，研究组中所有个体的抗氧化酶活性以及GSH和TAC浓度均较低（p<0.001）。除UHR亚组外，所有组的BDNF浓度均低于对照组（p=0.01）。观察到BDNF之间的相关性，R-GSSG,GST,GPx活性，和疾病持续时间（p<0.02）。还注意到吸烟对所选择的OS标记的小影响(rho<0.06,p<0.03)。
结论：OS可能在SCZ的病理生理学中起重要作用，然后才形成该疾病的完整临床模式。氧化还原失衡在SCZ患者中表现出如此严重的严重性，并且在这种精神疾病发展的状态下，天然抗氧化剂系统不足以完全补偿它。所讨论的OS生物标志物可以支持SCZ诊断并预测其进展。
目的：确定慢性SCZ患者和易患SCZ首发精神病（FP）和超高风险（UHR）的患者的选定OS标志物和脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）。
方法：通过分光光度法和ELISA测定150例个体（116例诊断为SCZ或处于易感状态的患者，根据疾病类型分为四个亚组：缺陷型精神分裂症，非缺陷型精神分裂症,FP,UHR）。对照组包括34名健康志愿者。
结果：与对照组相比，研究组中所有个体的抗氧化酶活性以及GSH和TAC浓度均较低（p<0.001）。除UHR亚组外，所有组的BDNF浓度均低于对照组（p=0.01）。观察到BDNF之间的相关性，R-GSSG,GST,GPx活性，和疾病持续时间（p<0.02）。还注意到吸烟对所选择的OS标记的小影响(rho<0.06,p<0.03)。
结论：OS可能在SCZ的病理生理学中起重要作用，然后才形成该疾病的完整临床模式。氧化还原失衡在SCZ患者中表现出如此严重的严重性，并且在这种精神疾病发展的状态下，天然抗氧化剂系统不足以完全补偿它。所讨论的OS生物标志物可以支持SCZ诊断并预测其进展。
