Abstract：
Chlorination on microplastic (MP) biofilms was comprehensively investigated with respect to disinfection efficiency, morphology, and core microbiome. The experiments were performed under various conditions: i) MP particles; polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS), ii) MP biofilms; Escherichia coli for single-species and river water microorganisms for multiple-species, iii) different chlorine concentrations, and iv) different chlorine exposure periods. As a result, chlorination effectively inactivated the MP biofilm microorganisms. The disinfection efficiency increased with increasing the free chlorination concentration and exposure periods for both single- and multiple-species MP biofilms. The multiple-species MP biofilms were inactivated 1.3-6.0 times less than single-species MP biofilms. In addition, the PP-MP biofilms were more vulnerable to chlorination than the PS-MP biofilms. Morphology analysis verified that chlorination detached most MP biofilms, while a small part still remained. Interestingly, chlorination strongly changed the biofilm microbiome on MPs; the relative abundance of some microbes increased after the chlorination, suggesting they could be regarded as chlorine-resistant bacteria. Some potential pathogens were also remained on the MP particles after the chlorination. Notably, chlorination was effective in inactivating the MP biofilms. Further research should be performed to evaluate the impacts of residual MP biofilms on the environment.
摘要：
就消毒效率而言，对微塑料（MP）生物膜的氯化进行了全面研究，形态学,和核心微生物组。实验在各种条件下进行:i)MP颗粒;聚丙烯(PP)和聚苯乙烯(PS),ii）MP生物膜；单物种的大肠杆菌和多物种的河水微生物，iii)不同的氯浓度，和iv)不同的氯暴露期。因此,氯化有效灭活MP生物膜微生物。消毒效率随着单物种和多物种MP生物膜的游离氯化浓度和暴露时间的增加而增加。多物种MP生物膜比单物种MP生物膜灭活少1.3-6.0倍。此外,PP-MP生物膜比PS-MP生物膜更容易氯化。形态学分析证实，氯化分离了大多数MP生物膜，而一小部分仍然存在。有趣的是,氯化强烈改变了MPs上的生物膜微生物组；氯化后一些微生物的相对丰度增加，表明它们可以被视为耐氯细菌。氯化后一些潜在的病原体也保留在MP颗粒上。值得注意的是,氯化可有效灭活MP生物膜。应进行进一步研究以评估残留MP生物膜对环境的影响。
