Abstract：
A comprehensive clinical examination of the potentially anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knee should proceed as follows: inspection; palpation; range of motion; varus and valgus stress; neurovascular status; and finally provocative maneuvers. The Lachman, anterior drawer, Lever, and pivot shift tests are all greater than 90% specific for ACL pathology. Due to the relatively high coincidence of ACL injuries and those to the posterior cruciate ligament, posterolateral corner , posteromedial corner , and menisci, it is critical that the examiner perform provocative maneuvers to evaluate the integrity of these structures as well.
摘要：
对潜在的前交叉韧带（ACL）缺陷的膝关节进行全面的临床检查应按以下步骤进行：检查；触诊；活动范围；内翻和外翻应力；神经血管状态；最后是挑衅性动作。拉赫曼，前抽屉,杠杆,和枢轴移位测试对ACL病理学的特异性均大于90%。由于ACL损伤和后交叉韧带损伤的重合度相对较高，后外侧角,后内侧角落，和半月板，至关重要的是，审查员进行挑衅性的操作来评估这些结构的完整性。
