背景:对于冠状突骨折的治疗,中间,横向,前,前内侧,和后路入路的报道越来越多;然而,对于冠状骨折的固定方法尚无普遍共识。这里,我们提出了一种高度伸展的微创方法,使用微型钢板治疗冠状突骨折,可以实现解剖复位,稳定的固定,和前囊修复。Further,本研究旨在确定前路微创手术的并发症发生率,并评估随访期间患者报告的功能和临床结局.
方法:将2012年4月至2018年10月期间诊断为冠状突骨折并伴有“可怕的三联征”或后内侧旋转不稳定的31例患者纳入分析。采用前路微创方法对冠状突骨折进行解剖复位和微型钢板固定。患者报告的结果使用梅奥肘部表现指数(MEPI)评分进行评估,运动范围(ROM),和视觉模拟评分(VAS)。记录骨折愈合时间及并发症发生情况。
结果:平均随访时间为26.7个月(范围,14-60个月)。放射学愈合的平均时间为3.6±1.3个月。在后续期间,平均肘部伸展为6.8±2.9°,平均屈曲为129.6±4.6°。根据Morrey的标准,26(81%)个肘部达到了正常的期望ROM。在最后一次随访中,平均MEPI评分为98±3.3分.没有肘部不稳定的情况,肘关节刚度,半脱位或脱位,感染,血管并发症,或者神经麻痹.总的来说,10只肘部(31%)出现异位骨化。
结论:前路微创入路可以令人满意地固定冠状突骨折,同时减少由于软组织损伤的过度剥离导致的切口并发症。此外,这种切口不会损害肘关节的软组织稳定性,并使患者能够更快地恢复康复锻炼。
BACKGROUND: For the treatment of coronoid process fractures, medial, lateral, anterior, anteromedial, and posterior approaches have been increasingly reported; however, there is no general consensus on the method of fixation of coronal fractures. Here, we present a highly-extensile minimally invasive approach to treat coronoid process fractures using a mini-plate that can achieve anatomic reduction, stable fixation, and anterior capsular repair. Further, the study aimed to determine the complication rate of the anterior minimally invasive approach and to evaluate functional and clinical patient-reported outcomes during follow-up.
METHODS: Thirty-one patients diagnosed with coronoid fractures accompanied with a \"terrible triad\" or posteromedial rotational instability between April 2012 and October 2018 were included in the analysis. Anatomical reduction and mini-plate fixation of coronoid fractures were performed using an anterior minimally invasive approach. Patient-reported outcomes were evaluated using the Mayo Elbow Performance Index (MEPI) score, range of motion (ROM), and the visual analog score (VAS). The time of fracture healing and complications were recorded.
RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 26.7 months (range, 14-60 months). The average time to radiological union was 3.6 ± 1.3 months. During the follow-up period, the average elbow extension was 6.8 ± 2.9° while the average flexion was 129.6 ± 4.6°. According to Morrey\'s criteria, 26 (81%) elbows achieved a normal desired ROM. At the last follow-up, the mean MEPI score was 98 ± 3.3 points. There were no instances of elbow instability, elbow joint stiffness, subluxation or dislocation, infection, blood vessel complications, or nerve palsy. Overall, 10 elbows (31%) experienced heterotopic ossification.
CONCLUSIONS: An anterior minimally invasive approach allows satisfactory fixation of coronoid fractures while reducing incision complications due to over-dissection of soft tissue injuries. In addition, this incision does not compromise the soft tissue stability of the elbow joint and allows the patient a more rapid return to rehabilitation exercises.