Abstract：
CONCLUSIONS: Integrated omics analyses outline the cellular and metabolic events of hemp plants in response to salt stress and highlight several photosynthesis and energy metabolism related pathways as key regulatory points. Soil salinity affects many physiological processes of plants and leads to crop yield losses worldwide. For hemp, a crop that is valued for multiple aspects, such as its medical compounds, fibre, and seed, a comprehensive understanding of its salt stress responses is a prerequisite for resistance breeding and tailoring its agronomic performance to suit certain industrial applications. Here, we first observed the phenotype of salt-stressed hemp plants and found that under NaCl treatment, hemp plants displayed pronounced growth defects, as indicated by the significantly reduced average height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll content. Next, we conducted comparative proteomics and metabolomics to dissect the complex salt-stress response mechanisms. A total of 314 proteins and 649 metabolites were identified to be differentially behaving upon NaCl treatment. Functional classification and enrichment analysis unravelled that many differential proteins were proteases associated with photosynthesis. Through metabolic pathway enrichment, several energy-related pathways were found to be altered, such as the biosynthesis and degradation of branched-chain amino acids, and our network analysis showed that many ribosomal proteins were involved in these metabolic adaptations. Taken together, for hemp plants, influences on chloroplast function probably represent a major toxic effect of salinity, and modulating several energy-producing pathways possibly through translational regulation is presumably a key protective mechanism against the negative impacts. Our data and analyses provide insights into our understanding of hemp\'s stress biology and may lay a foundation for future functional genomics studies.
摘要：
结论：综合组学分析概述了大麻植物响应盐胁迫的细胞和代谢事件，并强调了几种光合作用和能量代谢相关途径作为关键调控点。土壤盐分影响植物的许多生理过程，并导致全球作物产量下降。对于大麻，一种在多个方面都有价值的作物，比如它的医疗化合物，纤维，种子，全面了解其盐胁迫反应是抗性育种和调整其农艺性能以适应某些工业应用的前提。这里,我们首先观察了盐胁迫大麻植物的表型，发现在NaCl处理下，大麻植物表现出明显的生长缺陷，如平均高度显着降低所示，叶子的数量,和叶绿素含量。接下来,我们进行了比较蛋白质组学和代谢组学来剖析复杂的盐应激反应机制。总共314种蛋白质和649种代谢物被鉴定为在NaCl处理后表现不同。功能分类和富集分析揭示了许多差异蛋白是与光合作用相关的蛋白酶。通过代谢途径富集，几个能量相关的途径被发现被改变，如支链氨基酸的生物合成和降解，我们的网络分析显示，许多核糖体蛋白参与了这些代谢适应。一起来看,对于大麻植物来说，对叶绿体功能的影响可能代表了盐度的主要毒性作用，并且可能通过翻译调节来调节几种能量产生途径，大概是抵抗负面影响的关键保护机制。我们的数据和分析为我们对大麻应激生物学的理解提供了见解，并可能为未来的功能基因组学研究奠定基础。
