PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Gram-negative bacteria have been one of the most studied classes in the field of microbiology, especially in the context of globally alarming antimicrobial resistance levels to these pathogens over the course of the past decades. With high numbers of these microorganisms being described as multidrug-resistant (MDR), or even extended-drug-resistant (XDR) bacteria, specialists in the field have been struggling to keep up with higher prevalence of difficult-to-treat infections caused by such superbugs. The FDA approval of novel antimicrobials, such as cefiderocol (FDC), ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T), ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA), imipenem/relebactam (IMR), sulbactam/durlobactam (SUL-DUR) and phase 3 clinical trials\' results of aztreonam/avibactam (ATM-AVI) has proven that, while all these substances provide encouraging efficacy rates, antibiotic resistance keeps up with the pace of drug development. Microorganisms have developed more extensive mechanisms of resistance in order to target the threat posed by these novel antimicrobials, thus equiring researchers to be on a constant lookout for other potential drug candidates and molecule development. However, these strategies require a proper understanding of bacterial resistance mechanisms to gain a comprehensive outlook on the issue. The present review aims to highlight these six antibiotic agents, which have brought hope to clinicians during the past decade, discussing general properties of these substances, as well as mechanisms and patterns of resistance, while also providing a short overview on further directions in the field.
UNASSIGNED: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#searchadvanced, Identifier CRD42024505832.
UNASSIGNED: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#searchadvanced, Identifier CRD42024505832.
摘要：
革兰氏阴性菌是微生物学领域研究最多的种类之一，特别是在过去几十年来全球对这些病原体的抗菌素耐药性水平令人担忧的背景下。大量的这些微生物被描述为多药耐药（MDR），甚至是扩展耐药(XDR)细菌，该领域的专家一直在努力跟上这种超级细菌引起的难以治疗感染的更高患病率。FDA批准的新型抗菌药物，如头孢地洛(FDC)，头孢洛赞/他唑巴坦（C/T），头孢他啶/阿维巴坦（CZA），亚胺培南/莱巴坦（IMR），舒巴坦/杜洛巴坦（SUL-DUR）和氨曲南/阿维巴坦（ATM-AVI）的3期临床试验结果证明，虽然所有这些物质都提供了令人鼓舞的有效率，抗生素耐药性跟上药物开发的步伐。微生物已经发展了更广泛的抗性机制，以针对这些新型抗菌剂所构成的威胁，因此，使研究人员必须不断寻找其他潜在的候选药物和分子开发。然而,这些策略需要对细菌耐药机制有适当的了解，以获得对该问题的全面展望。本综述旨在强调这六种抗生素药物，在过去的十年里给临床医生带来了希望，讨论这些物质的一般性质，以及抵抗的机制和模式，同时还提供了有关该领域进一步方向的简短概述。
■https://www.crd.约克。AC.英国/普华永道/#searchadvanced,标识符CRD42024505832。
■https://www.crd.约克。AC.英国/普华永道/#searchadvanced,标识符CRD42024505832。
