Abstract：
In the human brain, the regions responsible for emotion processing, motivation, and memory are heavily influenced by olfaction, whose neural pathway is directly exposed to the outer world. In this study, we used fMRI to examine how different olfactory conditions might affect the functional connectivity circuit underlying working memory in the brain. To this end, 30 adults (aged 20-35), 13 males and 17 females, with high educational levels were chosen. Participants were screened for potential olfactory issues before undergoing the Sniffin\' sticks test, which was part of the inclusion criteria. Before imaging, each participant was given the required level of training and was then asked to complete four olfactory tests involving pleasant and unpleasant odors, air, and null stimulation. The results of Seed-based analysis suggested a function connection between the inferior parietal region and the left frontal pole region upon olfactory stimulation with vanilla scent in contrast to null stimulation in this comparison, ROI-based analysis revealed an inverse synchronous among the entorhinal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Both dlPFC and hippocampus were involved in olfactory discrimination between two different stimulants. Our findings indicate the presence of inverse correlations between several regions associated with olfaction and working memory, with pleasant scents leaving a stronger impact on the working memory-related areas, particularly the inferior parietal region.
摘要：
在人脑中,负责情绪处理的区域，动机，记忆受嗅觉影响很大，其神经通路直接暴露于外部世界。在这项研究中,我们使用功能磁共振成像来检查不同的嗅觉状况如何影响大脑工作记忆的功能连接回路.为此,30名成人（20-35岁）13男17女,选择了高学历。参与者在接受Sniffin棒测试之前，对潜在的嗅觉问题进行了筛查，这是纳入标准的一部分。成像前,每位参与者都接受了所需的培训，然后被要求完成四项嗅觉测试，涉及愉快和不愉快的气味，空气,和零刺激。基于种子的分析结果表明，在这种比较中，在用香草气味进行嗅觉刺激时，下顶叶区域和左额叶极区域之间存在功能联系，基于ROI的分析揭示了内嗅皮层之间的逆同步，眶额叶皮质,和背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）。dlPFC和海马体都参与了两种不同兴奋剂之间的嗅觉区分。我们的发现表明，与嗅觉和工作记忆相关的几个区域之间存在负相关，令人愉悦的气味对工作记忆相关领域产生了更强烈的影响，尤其是下顶区。
