Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To describe ocular anomalies (OAs) in children and fetuses in a French general population, to estimate their prevalence, and to investigate a possible association between prenatal medication exposure and the occurrence of OA in utero or in early childhood.
METHODS: We conducted a case-control study using the EFEMERIS cohort, a database containing pregnancies registered in Haute-Garonne and their outcomes. We collected OA descriptions of fetuses at the time of pregnancy termination or of children at birth and the results of eye examinations of children at 9 months and 2 years of age.
RESULTS: The prevalence of overall OAs was 2.13%, of which 0.04% were congenital ocular malformations (COMs). A total of 2,968 cases and 136,619 controls were selected for analysis. There was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to prenatal exposure to medications for the digestive tract and metabolism, the cardiovascular system, and the respiratory system. Multivariable analysis revealed an increased risk of OA in children of mothers exposed to magnesium during and 1 month before pregnancy (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11-1.38).
CONCLUSIONS: This first pharmaco-epidemiological study on OA in France suggests that OA may be associated with exposure to commonly used medications. Given the rarity of COM, larger, international studies are warranted.
METHODS: We conducted a case-control study using the EFEMERIS cohort, a database containing pregnancies registered in Haute-Garonne and their outcomes. We collected OA descriptions of fetuses at the time of pregnancy termination or of children at birth and the results of eye examinations of children at 9 months and 2 years of age.
RESULTS: The prevalence of overall OAs was 2.13%, of which 0.04% were congenital ocular malformations (COMs). A total of 2,968 cases and 136,619 controls were selected for analysis. There was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to prenatal exposure to medications for the digestive tract and metabolism, the cardiovascular system, and the respiratory system. Multivariable analysis revealed an increased risk of OA in children of mothers exposed to magnesium during and 1 month before pregnancy (OR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.11-1.38).
CONCLUSIONS: This first pharmaco-epidemiological study on OA in France suggests that OA may be associated with exposure to commonly used medications. Given the rarity of COM, larger, international studies are warranted.
摘要：
目的：描述法国普通人群中儿童和胎儿的眼部异常（OAs），为了估计它们的患病率，并调查产前药物暴露与子宫内或儿童早期OA发生之间的可能关联。
方法：我们使用EFEMERIS队列进行了病例对照研究，包含在Haute-Garonne注册的怀孕及其结局的数据库。我们收集了终止妊娠时胎儿或出生时儿童的OA描述以及9个月和2岁儿童的眼科检查结果。
结果：总体OAs的患病率为2.13%，其中0.04％为先天性眼部畸形（COM）。共选择2,968例病例和136,619例对照进行分析。两组在产前暴露于消化道和代谢药物方面存在显着差异，心血管系统,和呼吸系统。多因素分析显示，母亲在怀孕期间和怀孕前1个月暴露于镁的孩子患OA的风险增加（OR=1.24；95％CI，1.11-1.38）。
结论：法国首个关于OA的药物流行病学研究表明，OA可能与接触常用药物有关。鉴于COM的稀有性,较大,国际研究是有必要的。
方法：我们使用EFEMERIS队列进行了病例对照研究，包含在Haute-Garonne注册的怀孕及其结局的数据库。我们收集了终止妊娠时胎儿或出生时儿童的OA描述以及9个月和2岁儿童的眼科检查结果。
结果：总体OAs的患病率为2.13%，其中0.04％为先天性眼部畸形（COM）。共选择2,968例病例和136,619例对照进行分析。两组在产前暴露于消化道和代谢药物方面存在显着差异，心血管系统,和呼吸系统。多因素分析显示，母亲在怀孕期间和怀孕前1个月暴露于镁的孩子患OA的风险增加（OR=1.24；95％CI，1.11-1.38）。
结论：法国首个关于OA的药物流行病学研究表明，OA可能与接触常用药物有关。鉴于COM的稀有性,较大,国际研究是有必要的。
