Abstract：
The environmental pollution caused by petroleum hydrocarbons has received considerable attention in recent years. Microbial remediation has emerged as the preferred method for the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, which is experiencing rapid development driven by advancements in molecular biology. Herein, the capacity of different microorganisms used for crude oil bioremediation was reviewed. Moreover, factors influencing the effectiveness of microbial remediation were discussed. Microbial remediation methods, such as bioaugmentation, biostimulation, and bioventilation, are summarized in this review. Aerobic and anaerobic degradation mechanisms were reviewed to elucidate the metabolic pathways involved. The impacts of petroleum hydrocarbons on microorganisms and the environment were also revealed. A brief overview of synthetic biology and a unique perspective of technique combinations were presented to provide insight into research trends. The challenges and future outlook were also presented to stimulate contemplation of the mechanisms involved and the development of innovative techniques.
摘要：
近年来,石油烃引起的环境污染受到了广泛关注。微生物修复已成为降解石油烃的首选方法，在分子生物学进步的推动下，正在经历快速发展。在这里，综述了不同微生物用于原油生物修复的能力。此外，探讨了影响微生物修复效果的因素。微生物修复方法，比如生物强化，生物刺激,和生物通气，在这篇综述中进行了总结。综述了有氧和厌氧降解机制，以阐明所涉及的代谢途径。还揭示了石油烃对微生物和环境的影响。介绍了合成生物学的简要概述和技术组合的独特观点，以提供对研究趋势的见解。还提出了挑战和未来前景，以激发对所涉机制的思考和创新技术的发展。
