这项研究旨在评估摩洛哥东部废弃的ZaidaPb/Zn矿区的金属污染水平和生态风险指数,并确定该地点发现的本地植物物种,可通过植物修复策略用于现场恢复。该地点的七个本地和丰富的植物物种的样本,以及它们的根际土壤,使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)进行收集和分析,以确定各种金属(类)的浓度,包括As,Cu,Ni,Cd,Sb,Zn,和Pb。还评估了土壤污染和生态风险指标,包括富集因子(EF),污染指数(PI),和生态风险指数(ERI)。生物累积系数(BAC),易位因子(TF),计算了植物样品的生物浓度因子(BCF)。结果揭示了多金属土壤污染,铅的浓度明显较高,Cu和Zn,分别达到5568mgkg-1DW,152mgkg-1DW,和148mgkg-1DW,表明存在显著的潜在生态风险。还评估了每种金属(类)的富集因子(EF),结果表明,金属污染是人为原因,与Zaida的密集采矿活动有关。这些发现得到了1.6至10.01范围内的污染指数(PI)的支持,该指数揭示了极高的金属(loid)污染水平。没有一种植物物种表现出金属(类)的过度积累。然而,青蒿在其地上部分表现出很强的铅积累能力,浓度为468mgkg-1DW。针茅,Retamaspocarpa,和黄芪,显示其根部的铅积累量达到280、260和256mgkg-1DW。分别。基于BAC,TF,BCF,针茅表现出镍和镉植物稳定的潜力,以及植物提取锌的能力。此外,青蒿具有植物提取Cd的能力,并且具有很高的易位所有研究金属(类)的倾向。黄芪具有用于Zn和Ni的植物稳定化的潜力,以及As和Sb的植物提取。这些来自Zaida遗址的本地物种,虽然不是超累积剂,具有对潜在有毒元素(PTE)的植物提取或植物稳定化的潜力。此外,它们可以作为植物覆盖物,以减轻金属(loid)的侵蚀和分散。
This study aims to assess the level of metal contamination and the ecological risk index at the abandoned Zaida Pb/Zn mining site in eastern Morocco and identify native plant species found on the site that can be used in site rehabilitation through phytoremediation strategies. Samples from seven native and abundant plant species at the site, along with their rhizospheric soils, were collected and analyzed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) to determine the concentrations of various metal(loid)s, including As, Cu, Ni, Cd, Sb, Zn, and Pb. Indicators of soil pollution and ecological risks were also assessed, including the enrichment factor (EF), pollution index (PI), and ecological risk index (ERI). The Biological Accumulation Coefficient (BAC), Translocation Factor (TF), and Biological Concentration Factor (BCF) of plant samples were calculated. The results reveal polymetallic soil contamination, with notably higher concentrations of Pb, Cu and Zn, reaching respectively 5568 mg kg-1 DW, 152 mg kg-1 DW, and 148 mg kg-1 DW, indicating a significant potential ecological risk. The enrichment factor (EF) was also assessed for each metal(loid)s, and the results indicated that the metal contamination was of anthropogenic origin and linked to intensive mining activities in Zaida. These findings are supported by the pollution index (PI) ranging from 1.6 to 10.01, which reveals an extremely high metal(loid)s pollution level. None of the plant species exhibited a hyperaccumulation of metal(loid)s. However, Artemisia herba alba demonstrated a strong capacity to accumulate Pb in its aboveground parts, with a concentration of 468 mg kg-1 DW. Stipa tenacissima, Retama spherocarpa, and Astragalus armatus, showed a significant Pb accumulation in their roots reaching 280, 260, and 256 mg kg-1 DW.respectively. Based on BAC, TF, and BCF, Stipa tenacissima exhibited potential for Ni and Cd phytostabilization, as well as the ability for Zn phytoextraction. Additionally, Artemisia herba alba displayed the capability to phytoextract Cd and had a high propensity to translocate all the studied metal(loid)s. Astragalus armatus has the potential to be used in the phytostabilization of Zn and Ni, as well as for the phytoextraction of As and Sb. These native species from the Zaida site, although not hyperaccumulators, have the potential to contribute significantly to the phytoextraction or phytostabilization of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Moreover, they can serve as vegetative cover to mitigate the erosion and dispersion of metal(loid)s.