目的:检查植物性膳食指数与视力损害之间的关系(VI),听力障碍(HI),65岁及以上中国人的双重感觉障碍(DSI)。
方法:基于中国纵向健康长寿调查(CLHLS)的2018年数据,对14859个样本进行了横断面研究.利用植物性饮食指数(PDI)评估膳食质量,健康植物性饮食指数(hPDI)和不健康的基于植物的饮食指数(uPDI)。使用Logistic回归分析来检查PDI与感觉障碍之间的关联。此外,限制性三次样条分析用于研究PDI与感觉障碍之间的非线性关联.
结果:PDI最高五分之一的参与者表现出VI患病率降低(OR0.78,95%CI:0.67-0.90,Ptrend&lt;0.001),相对于最低五分位数的HI(OR0.83,95%CI:0.70-0.99,Ptrend&lt;0.001)和DSI(OR0.62,95CI:0.51-0.77,Ptrend&lt;0.001)。此外,在hPDI中排名最高的五分之一的个体表现出VI疾病风险降低25%.相反,uPDI最高五分之一的人群与VI患病率增加相关(OR1.37,95%CI:1.17-1.61,Ptrend<0.001),HI(OR1.36,95%CI:1.12-1.65,Ptrend<0.001)和DSI(OR1.56,95%CI:1.25-1.95,Ptrend<0.001)。PDI每增加10个单位与感觉障碍之间的关系显示出相似的模式。值得注意的是,hPDI与HI呈非线性关系(P为非线性=0.001),而其他人则表现出线性关联。
结论:PDI和hPDI的增加与一种或多种感觉障碍的患病率降低相关。相反,uPDI的增加与多种感觉障碍的患病率升高相关.我们的研究结果强调了植物性食品质量的重要性,倡导坚持植物性饮食模式,同时减少不太健康的植物性食品和动物性产品的摄入量。
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the plant-based dietary index and vision impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), and dual sensory impairment (DSI) among Chinese aged 65 and older.
METHODS: Based on the 2018 data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), a cross-sectional study was conducted on 14,859 samples. The assessment of dietary quality utilized the plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy plant-based diet index (hPDI), and unhealthy plant-based diet index (uPDI). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the associations between PDIs and sensory impairments. Additionally, restricted cubic spline analysis was utilized to investigate the nonlinear association between PDIs and sensory impairments.
RESULTS: Participants in the highest quintile of PDI exhibited reduced prevalence of VI (OR 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.90, ptrend <0.001), HI (OR 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.99, ptrend <0.001), and DSI (OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.51-0.77, ptrend <0.001) relative to those in the lowest quintile. Moreover, individuals who ranked in the highest quintile for hPDI exhibited a 25% reduced risk of VI disease. Conversely, those in the highest quintile of uPDI were associated with increased prevalence of VI (OR 1.37, 95% CI: 1.17-1.61, ptrend <0.001), HI (OR 1.36, 95% CI: 1.12-1.65, ptrend <0.001), and DSI (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.25-1.95, ptrend <0.001). The relationship between PDIs increasing by every 10 units and sensory impairments showed similar patterns. Notably, hPDI demonstrated a nonlinear relationship with HI (pfor nonlinearity = 0.001), while the others exhibited linear associations.
CONCLUSIONS: The increase in PDI and hPDI correlates with a reduced prevalence of one or more sensory impairments. Conversely, an increase in uPDI is associated with an elevated prevalence of multiple sensory impairments. Our study findings emphasize the significance of plant-based food quality, advocating for adherence to a plant-based dietary pattern while reducing the intake of less healthy plant foods and animal-based products.