Abstract：
Cognitive bias may lead to medical error, and awareness of cognitive pitfalls is a potential first step to addressing the negative consequences of cognitive bias (see Part 1). For decision-making processes that occur under uncertainty, which encompass most physician decisions, a so-called \"adaptive toolbox\" is beneficial for good decisions. The adaptive toolbox is inclusive of broad strategies like cultural humility, emotional intelligence, and self-care that help combat implicit bias, negative consequences of affective bias, and optimize cognition. Additionally, the adaptive toolbox includes situational-specific tools such as heuristics, narratives, cognitive forcing functions, and fast and frugal trees. Such tools may mitigate against errors due to cultural, affective, and cognitive bias. Part 2 of this two-part series covers metacognition and cognitive bias in relation to broad and specific strategies aimed at better decision-making.
摘要：
认知偏差可能导致医疗错误，和认知陷阱的意识是解决认知偏差的负面后果的潜在第一步（见第1部分）。对于在不确定性下发生的决策过程，涵盖了大多数医生的决定，所谓的“自适应工具箱”有利于做出正确的决策。适应性工具箱包含了广泛的策略，如文化谦逊，情商,以及有助于对抗内隐偏见的自我保健，情感偏见的负面后果，优化认知。此外,自适应工具箱包括特定于情境的工具，如启发式，叙事,认知强迫功能，和快速和节俭的树木。这些工具可以减轻由于文化，情感,和认知偏见。这个由两部分组成的系列文章的第2部分涵盖了元认知和认知偏见，这些偏见与旨在更好地做出决策的广泛而具体的策略有关。
