%0 Journal Article
%T Cognitive Bias in the Patient Encounter: Part II. Debiasing using an adaptive toolbox.
%A Ko CJ
%A Gehlhausen JR
%A Cohen JM
%A Jiang Y
%A Myung P
%A Croskerry P
%J J Am Acad Dermatol
%V 0
%N 0
%D 2024 Apr 6
%M 38588820
%F 15.487
%R 10.1016/j.jaad.2024.02.061
%X Cognitive bias may lead to medical error, and awareness of cognitive pitfalls is a potential first step to addressing the negative consequences of cognitive bias (see Part 1). For decision-making processes that occur under uncertainty, which encompass most physician decisions, a so-called "adaptive toolbox" is beneficial for good decisions. The adaptive toolbox is inclusive of broad strategies like cultural humility, emotional intelligence, and self-care that help combat implicit bias, negative consequences of affective bias, and optimize cognition. Additionally, the adaptive toolbox includes situational-specific tools such as heuristics, narratives, cognitive forcing functions, and fast and frugal trees. Such tools may mitigate against errors due to cultural, affective, and cognitive bias. Part 2 of this two-part series covers metacognition and cognitive bias in relation to broad and specific strategies aimed at better decision-making.