Abstract：
BACKGROUND: The Norwegian Childhood Immunization Program maintains a high national coverage of 95-97% in the most recent years. Whether there are subgroups with lower uptake is less studied. This study examines pertussis and measles vaccination coverage among six immigrant groups in Norway. These vaccines are normally administered as part of different combination vaccines and their coverage rate indicate the national vaccination coverage against a range of additional infections.
METHODS: Data from the Norwegian National Population Register were linked at individual level with vaccination data from the Norwegian Immunisation Registry. The final sample consisted of 53,052 children born during 2000-2018 in Norway to parents who were born in Iraq, Lithuania, Pakistan, Poland, Somalia, or Vietnam. Vaccination coverage was measured at 2-years of age. Multivariate linear regression was utilized to estimate the relationship between vaccinations status, year of birth, gender, mother\'s length of residency in Norway, and area of residence.
RESULTS: At two years of age, the majority of the children were vaccinated. Coverage among the groups varied at, above, and below the national average for the two vaccines. For most of the years examined, children born by parents from Lithuania, Poland, and Somalia had lower coverage for the measles vaccine (range 81-84% in 2020) than the national level (97% in 2020). Children born by parents from the Eastern-European countries also had lower coverage than the national level for the pertussis vaccine (range 87-89% in 2020).
CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates how subgroups with lower vaccination coverage may exists within a well-established vaccination program with high national coverages. Differences in coverage were found for both vaccines, but the differences were more pronounced for the measles vaccine. The high vaccination coverage in Norway provides indirect protection through herd immunity for unvaccinated individuals, however, the lower vaccination coverage in some immigrant groups is a concern.
METHODS: Data from the Norwegian National Population Register were linked at individual level with vaccination data from the Norwegian Immunisation Registry. The final sample consisted of 53,052 children born during 2000-2018 in Norway to parents who were born in Iraq, Lithuania, Pakistan, Poland, Somalia, or Vietnam. Vaccination coverage was measured at 2-years of age. Multivariate linear regression was utilized to estimate the relationship between vaccinations status, year of birth, gender, mother\'s length of residency in Norway, and area of residence.
RESULTS: At two years of age, the majority of the children were vaccinated. Coverage among the groups varied at, above, and below the national average for the two vaccines. For most of the years examined, children born by parents from Lithuania, Poland, and Somalia had lower coverage for the measles vaccine (range 81-84% in 2020) than the national level (97% in 2020). Children born by parents from the Eastern-European countries also had lower coverage than the national level for the pertussis vaccine (range 87-89% in 2020).
CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates how subgroups with lower vaccination coverage may exists within a well-established vaccination program with high national coverages. Differences in coverage were found for both vaccines, but the differences were more pronounced for the measles vaccine. The high vaccination coverage in Norway provides indirect protection through herd immunity for unvaccinated individuals, however, the lower vaccination coverage in some immigrant groups is a concern.
摘要：
背景：挪威儿童免疫计划在最近几年保持了95-97％的高国家覆盖率。研究较少研究是否存在摄取较低的亚组。这项研究调查了挪威六个移民群体中的百日咳和麻疹疫苗接种覆盖率。这些疫苗通常作为不同组合疫苗的一部分施用，其覆盖率表明针对一系列其他感染的国家疫苗接种覆盖率。
方法：挪威国家人口登记处的数据与挪威免疫登记处的疫苗接种数据在个体水平上相关联。最终样本包括2000年至2018年期间在挪威出生的53,052名儿童，以及在伊拉克出生的父母。立陶宛,巴基斯坦,波兰,索马里,或者越南。在2岁时测量疫苗接种覆盖率。多元线性回归用于估计疫苗接种状态之间的关系，出生年份,性别,母亲在挪威的居住期限，和居住面积。
结果：两岁时，大多数儿童接种了疫苗。各组的覆盖范围各不相同，上面，低于这两种疫苗的全国平均水平。在检查的大部分年份中，立陶宛父母出生的孩子，波兰,索马里的麻疹疫苗覆盖率(2020年为81-84%)低于全国水平(2020年为97%)。来自东欧国家的父母出生的儿童的百日咳疫苗覆盖率也低于全国水平（2020年为87-89％）。
结论：这项研究说明了疫苗接种覆盖率较低的亚组是如何在国家覆盖率较高的完善疫苗接种计划中存在的。发现两种疫苗的覆盖率存在差异，但麻疹疫苗的差异更为明显。挪威的高疫苗接种覆盖率通过群体免疫为未接种疫苗的个体提供间接保护。然而,一些移民群体的疫苗接种覆盖率较低是一个令人担忧的问题。
方法：挪威国家人口登记处的数据与挪威免疫登记处的疫苗接种数据在个体水平上相关联。最终样本包括2000年至2018年期间在挪威出生的53,052名儿童，以及在伊拉克出生的父母。立陶宛,巴基斯坦,波兰,索马里,或者越南。在2岁时测量疫苗接种覆盖率。多元线性回归用于估计疫苗接种状态之间的关系，出生年份,性别,母亲在挪威的居住期限，和居住面积。
结果：两岁时，大多数儿童接种了疫苗。各组的覆盖范围各不相同，上面，低于这两种疫苗的全国平均水平。在检查的大部分年份中，立陶宛父母出生的孩子，波兰,索马里的麻疹疫苗覆盖率(2020年为81-84%)低于全国水平(2020年为97%)。来自东欧国家的父母出生的儿童的百日咳疫苗覆盖率也低于全国水平（2020年为87-89％）。
结论：这项研究说明了疫苗接种覆盖率较低的亚组是如何在国家覆盖率较高的完善疫苗接种计划中存在的。发现两种疫苗的覆盖率存在差异，但麻疹疫苗的差异更为明显。挪威的高疫苗接种覆盖率通过群体免疫为未接种疫苗的个体提供间接保护。然而,一些移民群体的疫苗接种覆盖率较低是一个令人担忧的问题。
