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Abstract：
As the title indicates, this article deals with the origins of anatomic terminology and its development up to the present day. The first attempt to name anatomical structures in animals and humans date back to Alkmaion, i.e. to the fifth century BC. Further work has been done at the same time by the Hippocratics and about 100 years later by Aristotle. As the Alexandrians Erasistratos and Herophilos first in history dissected human bodies, they expanded the anatomical terms. Until Celsus (around Christ\'s birth) and even later on, anatomical terminology was almost exclusively based on the Greek language. Thus, Celsus and not-as frequently done-Galenos has to be called the father of Latin-based anatomical terminology. Due to several translations including Arabic, first periods of proverbial Bable resulted. Return to systematic order was achieved finally by Andreas Vesal (1514/15-1564) and Caspar Bauhin (1560-1624). But again due to translations into several national languages, the uniformity of the anatomical nomenclature was undermined. Thus, by the end of the nineteenth century, in 1895 the newly founded Anatomische Gesellschaft created a uniform terminology, the Basle Nomina Anatomica (BNA). Although it has been revised several times, it is still the very basic of human anatomical terminology. Recently, an attempt was made to replace it by English translations of the original Latin (and also still Greek) terms to mainly get machine-readable denominations. As this will result again in non-uniformity of terminology, the Anatomische Gesellschaft proposes a version of the latest, generally accepted terminology, based on the Latin terms but incorporating recent developments.
摘要：
正如标题所示，本文论述了解剖学术语的起源及其发展至今。第一次尝试命名动物和人类的解剖结构可以追溯到Alkmaion，即公元前五世纪。希波克拉底同时做了进一步的工作，大约100年后，亚里士多德也做了进一步的工作。当亚历山大·埃拉西斯特拉托斯和赫菲罗斯历史上第一次解剖人体时，他们扩展了解剖学术语。直到Celsus（基督的诞生），甚至更晚，解剖学术语几乎完全基于希腊语。因此，Celsus和不经常做的Galenos必须被称为拉丁语解剖学术语之父。由于包括阿拉伯语在内的多种翻译，众所周知的Bable产生了第一个时期。AndreasVesal（1514/15-1564）和CasparBauhin（1560-1624）最终实现了系统秩序的恢复。但同样由于翻译成几种民族语言，解剖命名的一致性被破坏。因此，到了19世纪末,1895年，新成立的AnatomischeGesellschaft创建了一个统一的术语，巴塞尔诺米纳解剖学（BNA）。虽然已经修改了好几次,它仍然是人体解剖学的基本术语。最近,尝试用原始拉丁语（也是希腊语）术语的英文翻译代替它，以主要获得机器可读的面额。因为这将再次导致术语的不统一，AnatomischeGesellschaft提出了一个最新版本，普遍接受的术语，基于拉丁语，但结合了最近的发展。
