Abstract：
One of the major issues of modern society is water contamination with different organic, inorganic, and contaminants bacteria. Finding cost-effective and efficient materials and methods for water treatment and environment remediation is among the scientists\' most important considerations. Hollow-structured nanomaterials, including hollow fiber membranes, hollow spheres, hollow nanoboxes, etc., have shown an exciting capability for wastewater refinement approaches, including membrane technology, adsorption, and photocatalytic procedure due to their extremely high specific surface area, high porosity, unique morphology, and low density. Diverse hollow nanostructures could potentially eliminate organic contaminants, including dyes, antibiotics, oil/water emulsions, pesticides, and other phenolic compounds, inorganic pollutants, such as heavy metal ions, salts, phosphate, bromate, and other ions, and bacteria contaminations. Here, a comprehensive overview of hollow nanostructures\' fabrication and modification, water contaminant classification, and recent studies in the water treatment field using hollow-structured nanomaterials with a comparative attitude have been provided, indicating the privilege abd detriments of this class of nanomaterials. Eventually, the future outlook of employing hollow nanomaterials in water refinery systems and the upcoming challenges arising in scaling up are also propounded.
摘要：
现代社会的主要问题之一是不同有机物对水体的污染,无机,和污染细菌。寻找具有成本效益和高效的材料和方法用于水处理和环境修复是科学家们最重要的考虑因素之一。中空结构纳米材料,包括中空纤维膜，空心球，中空纳米盒，等。,已经显示出一种令人兴奋的废水精制方法的能力，包括膜技术，吸附，和光催化程序，由于其极高的比表面积，高孔隙率,独特的形态，和低密度。多样的中空纳米结构可以消除有机污染物，包括染料,抗生素,油/水乳液，杀虫剂,和其他酚类化合物，无机污染物，如重金属离子，盐，磷酸盐,溴酸盐,和其他离子，和细菌污染。这里,中空纳米结构的制造和改性的全面概述，水污染物分类，并且提供了具有比较态度的中空结构纳米材料在水处理领域的最新研究，表明这类纳米材料的特权和损害。最终,还提出了在炼油厂系统中使用中空纳米材料的未来前景以及扩大规模所面临的挑战。
