PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic illustrates the importance of understanding the behavior and control of human pathogenic viruses in the environment. Exposure via water (drinking, bathing, and recreation) is a known route of transmission of viruses to humans, but the literature is relatively void of studies on the persistence of many viruses, especially coronaviruses, in water and their susceptibility to chlorine disinfection. To fill that knowledge gap, we evaluated the persistence and free chlorine disinfection of human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43) and its surrogates, murine hepatitis virus (MHV) and porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), in drinking water and laboratory buffer using cell culture methods. The decay rate constants of human coronavirus and its surrogates in water varied, depending on virus and water matrix. In drinking water without disinfectant addition, MHV showed the largest decay rate constant (estimate ± standard error, 2.25 ± 0.09 day-1) followed by HCoV-OC43 (0.99 ± 0.12 day-1) and TGEV (0.65 ± 0.06 day-1), while in phosphate buffer without disinfectant addition, HCoV-OC43 (0.51 ± 0.10 day-1) had a larger decay rate constant than MHV (0.28 ± 0.03 day-1) and TGEV (0.24 ± 0.02 day-1). Upon free chlorine disinfection, the inactivation rates of coronaviruses were independent of free chlorine concentration and were not affected by water matrix, though they still varied between viruses. TGEV showed the highest susceptibility to free chlorine disinfection with the inactivation rate constant of 113.50 ± 7.50 mg-1 min-1 L, followed by MHV (81.33 ± 4.90 mg-1 min-1 L) and HCoV-OC43 (59.42 ± 4.41 mg-1 min-1 L).
OBJECTIVE: This study addresses an important knowledge gap on enveloped virus persistence and disinfection in water. Results have immediate practical applications for shaping evidence-based water policies, particularly in the development of disinfection strategies for pathogenic virus control.
OBJECTIVE: This study addresses an important knowledge gap on enveloped virus persistence and disinfection in water. Results have immediate practical applications for shaping evidence-based water policies, particularly in the development of disinfection strategies for pathogenic virus control.
摘要：
冠状病毒病2019大流行说明了了解人类致病病毒在环境中的行为和控制的重要性。通过水暴露（饮用，洗澡,和娱乐)是已知的病毒传播给人类的途径，但是文献中对许多病毒的持久性的研究相对缺乏，尤其是冠状病毒,在水中及其对氯消毒的敏感性。为了填补知识空白，我们评估了人类冠状病毒OC43（HCoV-OC43）及其替代品的持久性和游离氯消毒，鼠肝炎病毒（MHV）和猪传染性胃肠炎病毒（TGEV），在饮用水和实验室缓冲液中使用细胞培养方法。人类冠状病毒及其替代物在水中的衰减速率常数各不相同，取决于病毒和水基质。在不添加消毒剂的饮用水中，MHV显示出最大的衰减速率常数(估计值±标准误差，2.25±0.09天-1），然后是HCoV-OC43（0.99±0.12天-1）和TGEV（0.65±0.06天-1），在不添加消毒剂的磷酸盐缓冲液中，HCoV-OC43（0.51±0.10天-1）的衰减速率常数大于MHV（0.28±0.03天-1）和TGEV（0.24±0.02天-1）。经过游离氯消毒，冠状病毒的灭化率与游离氯浓度无关，不受基质水的影响，尽管它们在病毒之间仍然有所不同。TGEV对游离氯消毒的敏感性最高，失活速率常数为113.50±7.50mg-1min-1L，其次是MHV（81.33±4.90mg-1min-1L）和HCoV-OC43（59.42±4.41mg-1min-1L）。
目的：这项研究解决了包膜病毒持久性和水中消毒的重要知识空白。结果对于制定基于证据的水政策具有直接的实际应用，特别是在病原病毒控制的消毒策略的发展。
目的：这项研究解决了包膜病毒持久性和水中消毒的重要知识空白。结果对于制定基于证据的水政策具有直接的实际应用，特别是在病原病毒控制的消毒策略的发展。
