Abstract：
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a highly prevalent metabolic disease, causing a heavy burden on healthcare systems worldwide, with related complications and anti-diabetes drug prescriptions. Recently, it was demonstrated that T2DM can be put into remission via significant weight loss using low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and very low-energy diets (VLEDs) in individuals with overweight and obesity. Clinical trials demonstrated remission rates of 25-77%, and metabolic improvements such as improved blood lipid profile and blood pressure were observed. In contrast, clinical trials showed that remission rate declines with time, concurrent with weight gain, or diminished weight loss. This review aims to discuss existing literature regarding underlying determinants of long-term remission of T2DM including metabolic adaptations to weight loss (e.g., role of gastrointestinal hormones), type of dietary intervention (i.e., LCDs or VLEDs), maintaining beta (β)-cell function, early glycemic control, and psychosocial factors. This narrative review is significant because determining the factors that are associated with challenges in maintaining long-term remission may help in designing sustainable interventions for type 2 diabetes remission.
摘要：
2型糖尿病(T2DM)是一种高度流行的代谢性疾病,给全世界的医疗系统造成沉重负担，与相关的并发症和抗糖尿病药物处方。最近,研究表明,在超重和肥胖的个体中,使用低碳水化合物饮食(LCD)和极低能量饮食(VLED)可以通过显著的体重减轻来缓解T2DM.临床试验显示缓解率为25-77%，和代谢改善，如改善血脂和血压。相比之下,临床试验表明，缓解率随着时间的推移而下降，同时体重增加，或体重减轻。这篇综述旨在讨论有关T2DM长期缓解的潜在决定因素的现有文献，包括对体重减轻的代谢适应（例如，胃肠激素的作用)，饮食干预的类型(即，LCD或VLED),维持β（β）细胞功能，早期血糖控制，和社会心理因素。这篇叙述性综述很重要，因为确定与维持长期缓解的挑战相关的因素可能有助于设计2型糖尿病缓解的可持续干预措施。
