PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Cadmium (Cd), being a heavy metal, tends to accumulate in soils primarily through industrial activities, agricultural practices, and atmospheric deposition. Maize, being a staple crop for many regions, is particularly vulnerable to Cd contamination, leading to compromised growth, reduced yields, and potential health risks for consumers. Biochar (BC), a carbon-rich material derived from the pyrolysis of organic matter has been shown to improve soil structure, nutrient retention and microbial activity. The choice of biochar as an ameliorative agent stems from its well-documented capacity to enhance soil quality and mitigate heavy metal stress. The study aims to contribute to the understanding of the efficacy of biochar in combination with GA3, a plant growth regulator known for its role in promoting various physiological processes, in mitigating the adverse effects of Cd stress. The detailed investigation into morpho-physiological attributes and biochemical responses under controlled laboratory conditions provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of these interventions. The experimental design consisted of three replicates in a complete randomized design (CRD), wherein soil, each containing 10 kg was subjected to varying concentrations of cadmium (0, 8 and 16 mg/kg) and biochar (0.75% w/w base). Twelve different treatment combinations were applied, involving the cultivation of 36 maize plants in soil contaminated with Cd (T1: Control (No Cd stress; T2: Mild Cd stress (8 mg Cd/kg soil); T3: Severe Cd stress (16 mg Cd/kg soil); T4: 10 ppm GA3 (No Cd stress); T5: 10 ppm GA3 + Mild Cd stress; T6: 10 ppm GA3 + Severe Cd stress; T7: 0.75% Biochar (No Cd stress); T8: 0.75% Biochar + Mild Cd stress; T9: 0.75% Biochar + Severe Cd stress; T10: 10 ppm GA3 + 0.75% Biochar (No Cd stress); T11: 10 ppm GA3 + 0.75% Biochar + Mild Cd stress; T12: 10 ppm GA3 + 0.75% Biochar + Severe Cd stress). The combined application of GA3 and BC significantly enhanced multiple parameters including germination (27.83%), root length (59.53%), shoot length (20.49%), leaf protein (121.53%), root protein (99.93%), shoot protein (33.65%), leaf phenolics (47.90%), root phenolics (25.82%), shoot phenolics (25.85%), leaf chlorophyll a (57.03%), leaf chlorophyll b (23.19%), total chlorophyll (43.77%), leaf malondialdehyde (125.07%), root malondialdehyde (78.03%) and shoot malondialdehyde (131.16%) across various Cd levels compared to the control group. The synergistic effect of GA3 and BC manifested in optimal leaf protein and malondialdehyde levels indicating induced tolerance and mitigation of Cd detrimental impact on plant growth. The enriched soils showed resistance to heavy metal toxicity emphasizing the potential of BC and GA3 as viable strategy for enhancing maize growth. The application of biochar and gibberellic acid emerges as an effective means to mitigate cadmium-induced stress in maize, presenting a promising avenue for sustainable agricultural practices.
摘要：
镉(Cd),作为一种重金属，倾向于主要通过工业活动在土壤中积累，农业实践,和大气沉积。玉米,作为许多地区的主要作物，特别容易受到Cd污染，导致增长受损，产量降低，以及消费者的潜在健康风险。生物炭（BC），一种源自有机物热解的富含碳的物质已被证明可以改善土壤结构，养分保留和微生物活性。选择生物炭作为改善剂源于其有据可查的提高土壤质量和减轻重金属胁迫的能力。该研究旨在有助于理解生物炭与GA3结合的功效，GA3是一种以促进各种生理过程的作用而闻名的植物生长调节剂，减轻Cd胁迫的不利影响。在受控实验室条件下对形态生理属性和生化反应的详细研究为这些干预措施的潜在益处提供了宝贵的见解。实验设计由完全随机设计（CRD）中的三个重复组成，其中土壤，每个含有10公斤的人接受不同浓度的镉(0、8和16毫克/公斤)和生物炭(0.75%w/w碱)。应用了十二种不同的治疗组合，涉及在受Cd污染的土壤中种植36个玉米植物（T1：对照（无Cd胁迫；T2：轻度Cd胁迫（8mgCd/kg土壤）；T3：重度Cd胁迫（16mgCd/kg土壤）；T4：10ppmGA3（无Cd胁迫）；T5：10ppmGA3轻度Cd胁迫；T6：10ppmGA3重度Cd胁迫；T7：0.75％Bioch%Cd胁迫：0.75％TA310GA3和BC的联合应用显着增强了包括发芽在内的多个参数（27.83％），根长（59.53%），枝条长度（20.49%），叶蛋白（121.53%），根蛋白（99.93％），芽蛋白（33.65%），叶酚（47.90%），根酚（25.82%），shootphenolics(25.85%),叶片叶绿素a(57.03%),叶片叶绿素b（23.19%），总叶绿素(43.77%)，叶丙二醛（125.07%），与对照组相比，不同Cd水平的根丙二醛（78.03％）和芽丙二醛（131.16％）。GA3和BC的协同作用表现在最佳的叶片蛋白和丙二醛水平，表明诱导耐受性和减轻Cd对植物生长的不利影响。富集的土壤显示出对重金属毒性的抗性，强调了BC和GA3作为增强玉米生长的可行策略的潜力。生物炭和赤霉酸的应用成为缓解玉米镉胁迫的有效手段，为可持续农业实践提供了一条有希望的途径。
