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Abstract：
The present work aimed to characterize the phenolic and antioxidant content of the Argentinian purple maize \"Moragro\" cultivar. Additionally, the INFOGEST simulated in vitro digestion model was used to establish the effect of digestion on bioactive compounds. Finally, digestion samples were used to treat Caco-2 cells in the transwell model to better understand their bioavailability. Twenty-six phenolic compounds were found in purple maize cv. \"Moragro\", 15 nonanthocyanins and 11 anthocyanins. Several compounds were identified in maize for the first time, such as pyrogallol, citric acid, gallic acid, kaempferol 3-(6″-ferulylglucoside), and kaempferol 3-glucuronide. Anthocyanins accounted for 24.9% of total polyphenols, with the predominant anthocyanin being cyanidin-3-(6″ malonylglucoside). Catechin-(4,8)-cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside and catechin-(4,8)-cyanidin-3-malonylglucoside-5-glucoside were detected as characteristics of this American maize variety. Total polyphenol content (TPC; by the Folin-Ciocalteu method), HPLC-DAD/MSMS, and antioxidant activity [by DPPH and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)] were evaluated throughout in vitro digestion. TPC, DPPH, and FRAP results were 2.71 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g, 24 μmol Trolox equiv/g, and 22 μmol Trolox eq/g, respectively. The in vitro digestion process did not cause significant differences in TPC. However, the antioxidant activity was significantly decreased. Moreover, the bioavailability of anthocyanins was studied, showing that a small fraction of polyphenols in their intact form was conserved at the end of digestion. Finally, a protective effect of digested maize polyphenols was observed in the Caco-2 cell viability. The results suggest that \"Moragro\" purple maize is a good source of bioavailable anthocyanins in the diet and an interesting source of this group of compounds for the food industry.
摘要：
本工作旨在表征阿根廷紫色玉米“Moragro”品种的酚类和抗氧化剂含量。此外,采用INFOGEST模拟体外消化模型建立消化对生物活性化合物的影响。最后,消化样品用于在transwell模型中处理Caco-2细胞以更好地了解其生物利用度。在紫色玉米cv中发现了26种酚类化合物。\"Moragro\",15种非花色苷和11种花色苷。首次在玉米中鉴定出几种化合物，如邻苯三酚，柠檬酸,没食子酸,山奈酚3-（6″-阿魏酸葡糖苷），和山奈酚3-葡糖苷酸.花色苷占总多酚的24.9%,主要的花青素是花青素-3-（6”丙二酰葡萄糖苷）。儿茶素-（4,8）-花青素-3,5-二葡萄糖苷和儿茶素-（4,8）-花青素-3-丙二酰葡萄糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷被检测为该美国玉米品种的特征。总多酚含量（TPC；通过Folin-Ciocalteu方法），HPLC-DAD/MSMS,在整个体外消化过程中评估了抗氧化活性[通过DPPH和降低铁的抗氧化能力（FRAP）]。TPC,DPPH,FRAP结果为2.71mg没食子酸当量（GAE）/g，24μmolTrolox当量/g,和22μmolTroloxeq/g，分别。体外消化进程未惹起TPC的显著差别。然而,抗氧化活性显著下降。此外，研究了花青素的生物利用度，表明在消化结束时保留了一小部分完整形式的多酚。最后,在Caco-2细胞活力中观察到消化的玉米多酚的保护作用。结果表明，“Moragro”紫色玉米是饮食中生物可利用的花青素的良好来源，也是食品工业中这组化合物的有趣来源。
