Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Socio-culturally defined identity factors present significant and often understudied influences on the experience, management, and treatment of chronic pain. For instance, there exist societal narratives about how males and females are expected to experience and express pain. Such gender roles may impact youth and caregiver openness to individual multidisciplinary treatments for pediatric headache.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, participants (N = 1087 youth/caregiver dyads, Mage = 14.5 years, 71% female, 97% cisgender, 77% White) completed a series of questionnaires, including Openness to Headache Treatment (OHT), upon presenting for initial multidisciplinary evaluation of chronic headache. Pearson correlations, independent samples t-tests and hierarchical regressions were used to analyze potential gender differences in youth and caregiver openness, as well as its relationships with pain-related and psychological factors.
RESULTS: Overall, female youth and their caregivers were more open to headache treatment, broadly and for individual interventions, when compared to male counterparts. Caregiver distress related to their child\'s headaches (i.e., fear and avoidance) was significantly correlated with openness in female youth and their caregivers, but not males.
CONCLUSIONS: Gendered patterns in healthcare decision-making in youth and caregivers provide insight on individual, societal, and systemic gender bias.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, participants (N = 1087 youth/caregiver dyads, Mage = 14.5 years, 71% female, 97% cisgender, 77% White) completed a series of questionnaires, including Openness to Headache Treatment (OHT), upon presenting for initial multidisciplinary evaluation of chronic headache. Pearson correlations, independent samples t-tests and hierarchical regressions were used to analyze potential gender differences in youth and caregiver openness, as well as its relationships with pain-related and psychological factors.
RESULTS: Overall, female youth and their caregivers were more open to headache treatment, broadly and for individual interventions, when compared to male counterparts. Caregiver distress related to their child\'s headaches (i.e., fear and avoidance) was significantly correlated with openness in female youth and their caregivers, but not males.
CONCLUSIONS: Gendered patterns in healthcare decision-making in youth and caregivers provide insight on individual, societal, and systemic gender bias.
摘要：
目的：社会文化定义的身份因素对经验存在重大且通常未被充分研究的影响，管理,和慢性疼痛的治疗。例如,存在关于男性和女性如何被期望经历和表达痛苦的社会叙事。这种性别角色可能会影响年轻人和护理人员对儿科头痛的个人多学科治疗的开放性。
方法：在这项横断面研究中，参与者(N=1087名青年/看护者，法师=14.5年，71%为女性,97%顺式性别，77%的白人)完成了一系列问卷，包括开放性头痛治疗（OHT），在提出慢性头痛的初步多学科评估时。皮尔逊相关性，使用独立样本t检验和分层回归分析青年和照顾者开放性的潜在性别差异，以及它与疼痛相关和心理因素的关系。
结果：总体而言，女性青年及其照顾者对头痛治疗更加开放，广泛地和个人干预，与男性相比。照顾者与孩子的头痛有关的痛苦(即，恐惧和回避)与女性青年及其照顾者的开放性显著相关，但不是男性。
结论：青年和照顾者的医疗保健决策中的性别模式提供了对个人，社会,和系统性的性别偏见。
方法：在这项横断面研究中，参与者(N=1087名青年/看护者，法师=14.5年，71%为女性,97%顺式性别，77%的白人)完成了一系列问卷，包括开放性头痛治疗（OHT），在提出慢性头痛的初步多学科评估时。皮尔逊相关性，使用独立样本t检验和分层回归分析青年和照顾者开放性的潜在性别差异，以及它与疼痛相关和心理因素的关系。
结果：总体而言，女性青年及其照顾者对头痛治疗更加开放，广泛地和个人干预，与男性相比。照顾者与孩子的头痛有关的痛苦(即，恐惧和回避)与女性青年及其照顾者的开放性显著相关，但不是男性。
结论：青年和照顾者的医疗保健决策中的性别模式提供了对个人，社会,和系统性的性别偏见。
