■本研究旨在了解中国学龄儿童的性别平等意识及其影响因素,利用结构方程模型探索路径,这些因素之间的强度和群体差异。
■对符合纳入和排除标准的1-6年级小学生及其父母进行了分层随机整群抽样的横断面调查。在这项研究中,从湖南省1,500名学龄儿童中收集了1,312份有效问卷,中国(有效应答率为87.5%)。采用SPSS26.0和AMOS24.0软件进行统计学分析。统计推断由t检验组成,方差分析,LSD测试,皮尔逊相关分析,多元逐步线性回归分析和结构方程建模。
■学龄儿童在职业领域的性别平等意识最低,在家庭和学校领域的意识相对较高。儿童的年龄,性别,性别角色,父子关系,师生关系和家长性别平等意识对儿童性别平等意识有预测作用。本研究构建的结构方程模型适用于不同性别的学龄儿童。不同研究时期组儿童的结构方程模型差异有统计学意义。
■在教育过程中,家长和老师应该努力提高自己的性别平等意识,整合雌雄同体教育的概念,加强与儿童的亲密关系,并根据不同儿童群体的特点采取适当的教育方法。
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to understand the consciousness of gender equality among school-aged children in China and its influencing factors using structural equation modeling to explore the pathways, intensity and group differences among these factors.
UNASSIGNED: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using stratified random whole-group sampling of primary school students in grades 1-6 and their parents who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In this study, 1,312 valid questionnaires were collected from a total of 1,500 school-aged children in Hunan Province, China (effective response rate of 87.5%). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 24.0 software. Statistical inference consisted of t-tests, analysis of variance, the LSD test, Pearson correlation analysis, multiple stepwise linear regression analysis and structural equation modeling.
UNASSIGNED: School-aged children had the lowest consciousness of gender equality in the area of occupation and relatively higher consciousness in the areas of family and school. Children\'s age, gender, gender role, parent-child relationship, teacher-student relationship and parents\' gender equality consciousness had predictive effects on children\'s consciousness of gender equality. The structural equation model constructed in this study is applicable to school-aged children of different genders. There was a significant difference in the structural equation modeling for children in different study period groups.
UNASSIGNED: In the education process, parents and teachers should attempt to improve their own consciousness of gender equality, integrate the concept of androgynous education, enhance close relationships with children, and adopt appropriate education methods according to the characteristics of different groups of children.