PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Pavlovian conditioning is thought to involve the formation of learned associations between stimuli and values, and between stimuli and specific features of outcomes. Here, we leveraged human single neuron recordings in ventromedial prefrontal, dorsomedial frontal, hippocampus, and amygdala while patients of both sexes performed an appetitive Pavlovian conditioning task probing both stimulus-value and stimulus-stimulus associations. Ventromedial prefrontal cortex encoded predictive value along with the amygdala, and also encoded predictions about the identity of stimuli that would subsequently be presented, suggesting a role for neurons in this region in encoding predictive information beyond value. Unsigned error signals were found in dorsomedial frontal areas and hippocampus, potentially supporting learning of non-value related outcome features. Our findings implicate distinct human prefrontal and medial temporal neuronal populations in mediating predictive associations which could partially support model-based mechanisms during Pavlovian conditioning.
摘要：
巴甫洛夫条件反射被认为涉及刺激和价值观之间的学习联系的形成，在刺激和结果的具体特征之间。在这里，我们利用人类单神经元在腹内侧前额叶的记录，背侧额叶,海马体和杏仁核，而两性患者进行了食欲性巴甫洛夫调节任务，以探测刺激值和刺激-刺激关联。腹内侧前额叶皮质与杏仁核一起编码预测值，而且还编码了关于随后将呈现的刺激身份的预测，这表明该区域的神经元在编码超出价值的预测信息中的作用。在背侧额叶区和海马区发现了无符号的错误信号，潜在的支持学习非价值相关的结果特征。我们的发现暗示了不同的人类前额叶和内侧颞叶神经元群体在介导预测关联中，这可以部分支持巴甫洛夫调节过程中基于模型的机制。重要性陈述在这项研究中，颅内植入深度微电极的癫痫患者执行了巴甫洛夫调理任务。我们测量了腹内侧前额叶cor-tex（vmPFC）中的单个神经元活动，杏仁核,海马体,并找到了预测身份编码和巴甫洛夫期望奖励值的表示。此外,在背侧额叶区域和海马中发现了无符号的错误信号。因此，这项研究为额叶人类神经元在价值和刺激身份的预测性联想学习中的作用提供了难得的一瞥。
