Abstract：
The neuroscience and neurobiology of gene editing to enhance learning and memory is of paramount interest to the scientific community. The advancements of CRISPR system have created avenues to treat neurological disorders by means of versatile modalities varying from expression to suppression of genes and proteins. Neurodegenerative disorders have also been attributed to non-canonical DNA secondary structures by affecting neuron activity through controlling gene expression, nucleosome shape, transcription, translation, replication, and recombination. Changing DNA regulatory elements which could contribute to the fate and function of neurons are thoroughly discussed in this review. This study presents the ability of CRISPR system to boost learning power and memory, treat or cure genetically-based neurological disorders, and alleviate psychiatric diseases by altering the activity and the irritability of the neurons at the synaptic cleft through DNA manipulation, and also, epigenetic modifications using Cas9. We explore and examine how each different OMIC techniques can come useful when altering DNA sequences. Such insight into the underlying relationship between OMICs and cellular behaviors leads us to better neurological and psychiatric therapeutics by intelligently designing and utilizing the CRISPR/Cas9 technology.
摘要：
基因编辑以增强学习和记忆的神经科学和神经生物学是科学界最感兴趣的。CRISPR系统的进步已经创造了通过从基因和蛋白质的表达到抑制的多种方式来治疗神经系统疾病的途径。神经退行性疾病也被归因于通过控制基因表达影响神经元活性的非规范DNA二级结构。核小体形状，转录,翻译,复制,和重组。本文全面讨论了可能导致神经元命运和功能的DNA调节元件的变化。这项研究展示了CRISPR系统提高学习能力和记忆力的能力，治疗或治愈基于遗传的神经系统疾病，通过DNA操作改变突触间隙神经元的活动和易怒性来缓解精神疾病，而且,使用Cas9的表观遗传修饰。我们探索并研究了每种不同的OMIC技术在改变DNA序列时如何有用。这种对OMIC和细胞行为之间的潜在关系的洞察力使我们通过智能设计和利用CRISPR/Cas9技术来获得更好的神经和精神疗法。
