PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Icebergs and ice islands (large, tabular icebergs) present a significant hazard to marine vessels and infrastructure at a time when demand for access to Arctic waters is increasing. There is a growing demand for in situ iceberg tracking data to monitor their drift trajectories and improve models used for operational forecasting of ice hazards, yet the high cost of commercial tracking devices often prevents monitoring at optimal spatial and temporal resolutions. Here, we provide a detailed description of the Cryologger Ice Tracking Beacon (ITB), a low-cost, robust, and user-friendly data logger and telemeter for tracking icebergs and ice islands based on the Arduino open-source electronics platform. Designed for deployments of at least 2 years with an hourly sampling interval that is remotely modifiable by the end user, the Cryologger ITB provides long-term measurements of position, temperature, pressure, pitch, roll, heading, and battery voltage. Data are transmitted via the Iridium satellite network at user-specified intervals. We present the results of field campaigns in 2018 and 2019, which saw the deployment of 16 ITBs along the coasts of Greenland and Ellesmere and Baffin islands. The overall success of these ITB deployments has demonstrated that inexpensive, open-source hardware and software can provide a reliable and cost-effective method of monitoring icebergs and ice islands in the polar regions.
摘要：
冰山和冰岛(大，表格冰山）在进入北极水域的需求增加的时候，对海洋船只和基础设施构成重大危害。对原位冰山跟踪数据的需求不断增长，以监测其漂移轨迹并改进用于冰灾预测的模型，然而，商业跟踪设备的高成本通常会阻止以最佳的空间和时间分辨率进行监控。这里,我们提供了Cryologger冰跟踪信标（ITB）的详细说明，一个低成本的，健壮,以及基于Arduino开源电子平台的用户友好型数据记录器和遥测仪，用于跟踪冰山和冰岛。设计用于至少2年的部署，每小时采样间隔可由最终用户远程修改，CryologgerITB提供了长期的位置测量，温度,压力,螺距,roll,标题,和电池电压。数据以用户指定的间隔通过铱卫星网络传输。我们介绍了2018年和2019年的实地运动结果，其中在格陵兰，埃尔斯米尔和巴芬群岛的沿海部署了16个ITB。这些ITB部署的总体成功表明，开源硬件和软件可以提供一种可靠且经济高效的方法来监测极地地区的冰山和冰岛。
